standard newborn screening Flashcards
what is Phenylketonuria?
accumulation of amino acids in body→neurotoxic
what is Methylmalonic acidemia?
body cant breakdown lipids and proteins
what is maple syrup urine disease?
cannot breakdown proteins (makes urine smell sugary/maple syrup)
what is Tyrosinemia?
cannot breakdown tyrosine
what is Citrullinema?
accumulation of ammonia in the blood
what hormone conditions to look for in newborn?
Congenital hypothyroidism
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
what hemoglobin conditions to look for in newborn?
Sickle cell disease
Hemoglobin sc disease
Beta thalassemia
what is the new Ballard score?
assesses 6 external physical and 6 neuromuscular signs
Each sign has a number score, and the cumulative score correlates with a maturity rating (gestational age)
performed within first 48 hrs of life
what should the avg BP generally be for a newborn?
60-80 mmHg systolic and 40-50 mm Hg diastolic
what is the typical length of a newborn after birth?
should be 45-55cm
what should the Head circumference of a newborn be?
33-35 cm
what is vernix caseosa?
naturally occurring biofilm over fetal skin, usually white, cheesy and odorless
are the legs or arms longer in a newborn?
arms
is the flat-footed effect normal in a newborn?
yes
what is the Test magnet reflex?
Lower limbs should extend as pressure applied to feet with legs in semiflexed position
how to test for the sphincter response (wink reflex)?
Inspect and palpate anus
what is the Extrusion reflex?
touch or depress tip of tongue, newborns tongue should force outward
what is the Glabellar reflex?
tap over forehead, bridge of nose, or maxilla of newborn whose eyes are open. Newborn should blink for first four or five taps
what is Tonic neck or fencing reflex?
with newborn in a supine neutral position, turn head quickly to one side. With newborn facing left side, arm and leg on that side extend; the opposite arm and leg flex
what is the Crossed extension reflex?
opposite leg flexes, adducts and then extends
what is a general concern when assessing a baby?
If babies aren’t irritated when you’re assessing them
what score is normal for the APGAR?
7+
- 10 is rare since most babies have blue hands an feet