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PMP > Time Terminology > Flashcards

Time Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Activity

A

A piece of the project that must be completed (performed); sometimes called a “task”; can be divided into smaller pieces; typically has an assigned resource, cost amount, and expected duration

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2
Q

Activity List (Output/Input)

A

A detailed list of activities that project team members use to know what work on the project they are responsible for completing

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3
Q

Activity-on-arrow (AOA)

A

A network diagramming method in which activities are shown on arrows and connected at nodes to show the sequence of activities. Also known as ADM, AOL

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4
Q

Activity-on-node (AON)

A

A network diagramming method in which activities are shown on the boxes or circles of the network diagram and connected via arrows. Also known as PDM

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5
Q

Backward Pass

A

A network diagramming method that calculates the late start (LS) and late finish (LF) dates for each activity

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6
Q

Bar Chart (Tool)

A

A chart that shows a time relationship between the activities of the project; also commonly called a Gantt chart

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7
Q

BiPert

A

A model for parallel programs with ingoing (inclusive) and outgoing (excusive) links

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8
Q

Burst

A

The separation (or divergence) of activities on a network diagram from a central node

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9
Q

Calendar Unit

A

The smallest time unit used in project schedules such as minutes, hours, shifts, days, weeks, months, quarters

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10
Q

Control Schedule

A

The process of monitoring and updating the progress of the project and managing changes to scope

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11
Q

Crashing

A

A duration compression technique in which more people are added to critical path activities to shorten the duration of the critical path or other impacted areas of the schedule

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12
Q

Critical Chain Method (Technique)

A

A schedule technique used to evaluate the amount of float on the network paths; used to determine the minimum overall duration of the diagram

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13
Q

Critical Path

A

The series of activities that shows the overall duration of the project; can change as the project evolves

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14
Q

Critical Path Method (CPM) (Technique)

A

A network analysis method used to calculate total project duration

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15
Q

Define Activities

A

The identification of appropriate activities to complete the project deliverable

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16
Q

Dependency

A

A relationship between activities represented in the way activities are sequenced

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17
Q

Develop Schedule

A

The process of using activity sequences, duration estimates, and resources to create the schedule

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18
Q

Discretionary Dependency (Soft Logic)

A

A dependency in which the project manager (or other decision maker) can choose to allow it to be a dependency or not, depending upon the needs of the project (Ex: Buying a plane ticket before booking a hotel reservation)

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19
Q

Dummy Activities

A

A zero duration activity used in the arrow diagramming method (ADM) to show a logical relationship; represented graphically with an arrow having a dashed line

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20
Q

Duration

A

The overall amount of time on a project or activity

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21
Q

Early Finish Date (EF)

A

The earliest time an activity can finish based on the network logic

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22
Q

Early Start Date (ES)

A

The earliest time an activity can start based on the network logic

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23
Q

Effort

A

The amount of labor needed to complete an activity or work package; typically measured in hours, days, or weeks

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24
Q

Estimate (Output/Input)

A

A logical, educated prediction of some project component; typically includes a tolerance of accuracy

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25
Q

Estimate Activity Durations

A

The process of estimating the number of work periods (hours, days, weeks) to accomplish the activity

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26
Q

Estimate Activity Resources

A

Determination of resources (people, material, equipment) needed for a project, including the determination of when (or how much of) the resources are needed

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27
Q

External Dependency

A

A dependency that lies outside the control of the project team

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28
Q

Fast Tracking

A

A schedule compression technique in which the main focus is to find activities that can be done in parallel and to adjust the activity sequences to reflect this adjustment

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29
Q

Finish-to-finish Dependency (FF)

A

A dependency used on project scheduling in which one activity cannot finish until the activity it is dependent upon finishes (Activity B cannot finish until Activity A finishes.)

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30
Q

Finish-to-start Dependency (FS)

A

The default dependency type (with most project scheduling software) in which one activity cannot start until the one it is dependent upon finishes (Activity B cannot start until Activity A finishes .)

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31
Q

Float

A

The amount of time an activity can be delayed (slip) without causing a delay to the successor(s) activities, or the final finish date of the project

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32
Q

Forward Pass

A

A network diagram technique that calculates the early start (ES) and early finish (EF) dates for each activity

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33
Q

Free Slack (Free Float)

A

The amount of time an activity can be delayed without causing slippage (delay) to the early start of any subsequent activities

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34
Q

Gantt Chart

A

The horizontal bar chart used in project management to show a time relationship. between activities. Also called a bar chart

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35
Q

Imposed Date

A

A fixed date for an activity or milestone

36
Q

Lag

A

A delay to a successor activity from the predecessor (Ex: Activity A finishes then has a three day wait before Activity B can begin.)

37
Q

Late Finish Date (LF)

A

The latest time an activity can be finished without delaying the project finish date

38
Q

Late Start Date (LS)

A

The latest time an activity can start without delaying the project finish date

39
Q

Lead

A

Acceleration to a successor from the predecessor (Ex: Activity A finishes . But with a three-day head start, Activity B can begin three days before Activity A finishes.)

40
Q

Logical Relationship

A

An analytical association between two or more components of a project schedule

41
Q

Mandatory Dependency (Hard Logic)

A

A required dependency on a project; cannot be ignored (Ex: You must pour the foundation of a house before you can begin framing it.)

42
Q

Master Schedule (Tool)

A

A high level schedule which displays summary information associated with activities, deliverables, milestones, and WBS components

43
Q

Merge

A

A coming together (convergence) of activities on a network diagram

44
Q

Milestone Schedule (Tool)

A

A high level schedule which displays summary information associated with activities and
milestones

45
Q

Network Diagram

A

A schematic of logical relationships that make up the flow of activities on the project; always drawn from left to right

46
Q

Network Logic

A

The connecting of activities on the network diagram to establish the structure of the network diagram

47
Q

Network Path

A

A non-stop series of activities from the start to the finish of the network diagram

48
Q

Node

A

A point in a schedule network

49
Q

Path Divergence

A

A burst on the network diagram where the output of an activity goes to more than one activity

50
Q

PERT Weighted Average

A

An estimating technique used to take the pessimistic, optimistic, and realistic (most likely) estimates to achieve a cumulative estimate

51
Q

Precedence Diagramming Method (PDM)

A

A network diagramming process in which activities are represented in boxes

52
Q

Precedence Relationship

A

The logical relationship between activities as depicted in a precedence diagram

53
Q

Predecessor Activity

A

An activity that determines when its successor activity can begin

54
Q

Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)

A

A project management estimation technique used when estimates for individual activities are questionable

55
Q

Project Calendar

A

A calendar that indicates working and non-working dates and shifts for the project

56
Q

Project Network Diagram

A

A view of the logical relationship (sequencing) of project activities

57
Q

Project Schedule

A

The document that lists the dates for performing project activities and meeting project milestones

58
Q

Project Schedule Network Diagram

A

A graphical representation of the logical relationships between project activities

59
Q

Project Time Management

A

The processes associated with an attempt to complete the project on time

60
Q

Resource Calendar

A

A calendar in the project management plan and schedule that shows working and non-working days

61
Q

Rolling Wave Planning (Technique)

A

A progressive elaboration approach to managing a schedule where the initial phases are defined at a detailed level with the remaining work at a high level: as the initial phases are done, the remaining phases are planned.

62
Q

Schedule

A

The planned dates, sequencing , resources , and durations for activities and milestones on a project

63
Q

Schedule Baseline

A

A schedule version over a specific time period that is used as the basis for scheduled activities comparison

64
Q

Schedule Compression (Technique)

A

The process of shorting the project schedule without modifying the scope of the project (Ex: crashing and fast tracking)

65
Q

Schedule Management Plan

A

Document that decomposes work packages, establishes the network diagram, determines required resources, determines activity durations, integrates activity components into a schedule, and deals with schedule changes and updates

66
Q

Schedule Milestone

A

A major event in the project schedule; typically involves the start or completion of a major component of the project

67
Q

Schedule Model

A

A model used in schedule network analysis to create the project schedule

68
Q

Schedule Network Analysis

A

A technique used to determine early and late start dates and early and late finish dates of project activities

69
Q

Scheduled Finish Date

A

The planned finish date for an activity, work package, or other piece of the schedule

70
Q

Scheduled Start Date

A

The planned start date for an activity, work package, or other piece of the schedule

71
Q

Sequence Activities

A

The process of determining and documenting the logical relationships between activities on the project

72
Q

Slack (Float)

A

The amount of time an activity can be delayed (slip) without causing a delay to the successor(s) activities, or the final finish date of the project

73
Q

Start-to-finish Dependency (SF)

A

A dependency used on project scheduling in which one activity cannot finish until the activity it is dependent on starts (Ex: Activity 8 cannot finish until Activity A starts)

74
Q

Start-to-start Dependency (SS)

A

A dependency used on project scheduling in which one activity cannot start until the activity it is dependent on starts (Activity 8 cannot start until Activity A starts.)

75
Q

Subnetwork

A

A section of a network diagram; can be associated with a work package or some other type of logical decomposition

76
Q

Successor

A

An activity that follows an activity logically connected to it

77
Q

Summary Activity

A

An activity that sums up the detailed activities underneath it; typically used to evaluate work packages and facilitate executive reporting

78
Q

Target Completion Date (TC)

A

A requested project completion date that can be a constraint for the project

79
Q

Target Finish Date (TF)

A

The date that the project (or activity) is anticipated to be completed

80
Q

Target Schedule

A

A preliminary schedule that can be used during initial stages of Planning; could differ from the baseline schedule at the conclusion of Planning

81
Q

Target Start Date (TS)

A

The planned start date of the project or activity

82
Q

Task

A

An activity to be completed on the project

83
Q

Three-point Estimate (Technique)

A

An estimating technique that can be applied to schedule or budget; uses three estimates for each activity; uses an optimistic, pessimistic, and realistic (most likely) estimate

84
Q

Total Slack (Total Float)

A

The amount of time an activity can slip (be delayed) from its early start date without delaying the overall finish date

85
Q

Variance

A

A result that is outside of the expected result.

86
Q

Work Performance Information (Output/Input)

A

Data associated with the completion of work on the project; can include deliverable status, actions associated with preventative and corrective measures, and change requests

PMP (19 decks)

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