Tikanga, models of health, inequalities Flashcards
what is the meaning of tikanga?
customs and traditions that have been handed down through time
correct procedure, custom, habit, lore, manner, practice etc
colonialism and imperialism were symbolic with what?
scientific racism
what is scientific racism in relation to colonisation?
essentially that being white was superior and their knowing of the world was superior
developed thoughts on others being inferior and non human meaning colonisation was based on racist ideology.
what were Maori customary laws based on before the Treaty was signed?
mana
tapu
rahui
utu
muru
what was the purpose of the Tohunga suppression act 1907? when was in repealed?
intended to stop people using traditional Māori healing practices which had a supernatural or spiritual element.
repealed 1962
what was the purpose of the NZ settlements Act 1863?
the land of any tribe engaged in rebellion against the government could be confiscated
what is the difference between equality and equity?
equality is everyone getting the same and getting treated the same whereas equity is equal opportunity to access
What are some determinants of health that impact Maori health?
- Life expectancy lower for Maori (approx. 73 for males, 77 for females)
- Lower rates of school completion
- Higher rates of unemployment
- Lower income
- Received more income support
- Lower access to telecommunications
- No access to car
- Less home ownership/more household crowding
what are the four parts of Mason Durie’s Te Whare Tapa Wha model?
Te taha hinengaro - psychological
Te taha Wairua - spiritual
Te taha Whanau - family
Te taha tinana - physical
what is the te taha hinengaro?
expression of thoughts and feelings derived from within the individual.
what is te taha whanau?
acknowledges the relevance of extended family to health
family is a prime support system for maori, physically, culturally and emotionally. ill health in an individual is a reflection on the family.
what is te taha tinana?
bodily health with a clear separation of tapu and noa
certain parts of the body are sacred and bodily functions have there own significance i.e food and washing should be kept seperate which is a challenge in the hospital setting
what is te taha wairua?
generally felt to be the most essential requirement for health
capacity to have faith and be able to understadn the links between the human situation and the environment
without spiritual awareness/mauri (life force) one cannot be healthy
what is the Meihana model?
specific assessment framework with four main cornerstones and two additional elements.
works on the assumption that one that identifies as Maori is Maori and family is the center of the assessment and intervention process.
what are the 6 cornerstones of the meihana model?
whanau
wairua
tinana
hinengaro
taio
iwi katoa
what is the Te pae mahutonga model?
Model for Maori health promotion
mason durie
based on the four central stars and two pointers of the southern cross as key tasks of health promotion
what are the 6 parts of the Te pae mahutonga model?
The four stars:
Mauriora - cultural identity
Waiora - Physical environment
Toiora - healthy lifestyles
Te Oranga - participation in society
The two pointers:
Nga Manakura - community leadership
Te Mana Whakahaere - autonomy
what is Mauriora?
access to language, knowledge, culture, maori economic resources, social resources
areas where Maori is facilitated rather than hindered
what is Waiora?
considers the interaction between people and the environment
- clean air, water, abundant vegetation, noise at an acceptable level
What is Toiora?
Healthy lifestyles focusing on minimising harm, risk management, cultural relevance, positive development
what is Te Oranga?
enhancing Maori participation in society in the economy, education, employment, decision making
what is He Korowai Oranga?
The NZ Maori health strategy
overarching framework guiding the Government and Health and Disability sector to achieve best health outcomes
what are the three parts of Te tiriti o Waitangi policy statement?
Mana Maori
Mana Tanagata
Mana Motuhake
explain mana maori
enabling maori customary rituals
framed in te ao Maori, encapsulated within matauranag maori and enacted through tikanga maori
Explain mana tangata?
achieving equity in health and disability outcomes for Maori across the life course and contributing to Maori wellness
Explain mana motuhake
enabling the right for Maori to be Maori and to exercise self-determination over their lives on Maori terms, philosophies, values and practices
what are the 5 principles of Te Tiriti o Waitangi?
- Tino Ranagatiratanga
- Partnership
- Equity
- Active protection
- Options
explain principle 1 (tino rangatiratanga) of Te Tiriti o Waitangi
provides maori with self-determination and mana motuhake
explain principle 2 (partnership) of Te Tiriti o Waitangi
requires nursing council and maori to work together in a strong and enduring relationship
explain principle 3 (equity) of Te Tiriti o Waitangi
NC to commit to achieving equitable health outcomes for Maori through the statutory functions that it is responsible for
explain principle 4 (Active protection) of Te Tiriti o Waitangi
NC to be well informed on the extent and nature of both Maori health outcomes and efforts to achieve health equity through culturally safe nursing standards and practice of cultural safety
explain principle 5 (Options) of Te Tiriti o Waitangi
NC required to ensure all services provided in a culturally appropriate way that recognises and supports the expression of te ao Maori models of care.
What is the focus of Whanau Ora?
focuses on whanau as a whole and addresses needs of individual within whanau context
whanau at center of decision making
traditional holistic approach to health and well being
whanau identifying health and social needs in addition to existing strengths of the whanau
what are the goals of Whanau Ora?
self managing
healthy
participate in society
participate in te ao maori
economic security
cohesive, resilient and nurturing
what is the concept of Te Wheke?
based on the tentacles of an octopus to define family health
the head = whanau
eyes = waiora (total well being of whanau)
tentacles represent different dimensions of health that are close and interwoven
what are the 8 tentacles of the octopus in te wheke?
Te whānau – the family
Waiora – total wellbeing for the individual and family
Wairuatanga – spirituality
Hinengaro – the mind
Taha tinana – physical wellbeing
Whanaungatanga - extended family
Mauri – life force in people and objects
Mana ake – unique identity of individuals and family
Hā a koro ma, a kui ma – breath of life from forbearers
Whatumanawa – the open and healthy expression of emotion
what is the fonofale model?
based around family and culture - holistic model involving physical, spiritual, mental and other well being
