Tibiofibular Ligaments, Ankle Joint and Ankle Ligaments Flashcards
Tibiofibular ligaments
- Interosseous tibiofibular ligament
- Anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
- Posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
- Inferior transverse ligament
Interosseous tibiofibular ligament
- NOT a ligament of the ankle joint
- Just the lower-most part of the interosseous membrane
Anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
- Triangular ligament
- Originates at the anterior border of the fibular notch of the tibia
- Inserts on the anterior border of the fibular shaft and lateral malleolus
- Forms anterior portion of the socket for the talus
Posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
- Quadrilateral in shape
- Originates from the posterior border of the fibular notch of the tibia
- Inserts on the the upper part of the lateral malleolar facet
- The ligament also has a portion near the knee joint which is more superficial and superior
- The posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament is considered deep
- Contains elastic fibers which helps form the tibial plafond
Inferior transverse ligament
- Blends with the posterior fibrous capsule
- Helps to form the socket for the trochlea of the talus
- Found distally to the posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
Ankle joint
Synovial joint
- Most of the foot and ankle joints are synovial
- Contain hyaline cartilage which covers the articular surfaces and the articular capsule
- Synovial membrane lines the joint capsule (not articular surface) and secretes synovial fluid
General characteristics of ankle joint
- Talocrural joint
- Talus articulates with the two bones of the leg
- Hing or ginglymus type of synovial joint
Trochlea of talus
Trochlea of talus fits into socked formed by
- Tibia and fibula
- Anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament
- Inferior transverse ligament
NOTE: posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament does NOT contribute to the joint socket
Fibrous capsule of ankle joint
- Thickened medially and laterally as the collateral ligaments
- Thin anteriorly and posteriorly
- Anteriorly there are broad, thin stretches to the neck of the talus
- Posteriorly consists of transverse fibers, some of which blend with the inferior transverse ligament
Ligaments of the ankle
- Deltoid ligament (4)
- Lateral collateral ligament (3)
- Fibulotalocalcaneal ligament
Deltoid ligaments
- Anterior tibiotalar ligament
- Posterior tibiotalar ligament
- Tibiocalcaneal ligament
- Tibionavicular ligament
Anterior tibiotalar ligament (of the deltoid)
- Located deep to the tibionavicular ligament
- Attaches to medial surface of the talus
Posterior tibiotalar ligament (of the deltoid)
- Attaches to the medial tubercle on the posterior surface of the talus
- Forms a groove for the tendon of the flexor hallucis longus tendon
Tibiocalcaneal ligament (of the deltoid)
STRONGEST part of the deltoid ligament
- Attaches to sustentaculum tali
Tibionavicular ligament (of the deltoid)
WEAKEST part of the deltoid ligament
- Superficial to the anterior tibiotalar ligament
- Most superficial ligament
Two tendons which lie superficial to deltoid ligaments
- Tibialis posterior
- Flexor digitorum longus
Lateral collateral ligaments
- Anterior talofibular ligament (ATF)
- Posterior talofibular ligament
- Calcaneofibular ligament
Anterior talofibular ligament (ATF)
SHORTEST part
- Attaches to the anterior margin of the lateral malleolus and neck of the talus
- Overhangs tarsal sinus
- Most commonly injured with inversion ankle sprains***
- REMEMBER: ATF inversion
Posterior talofibular ligament
- DEEPEST and STRONGEST part of lateral collateral ligament
- Attaches to the lateral malleolar fossa and lateral tubercle of the posterior talus
- Forms a groove for the tendon of flexor hallucis longus
Calcaneofibular ligament
- Long, cord-like ligament
- Attaches to apex of lateral malleolus and an unnamed tubercle on the lateral calcaneus
- WEAKEST part
- Covered by the peroneus longus and brevis
Fibulotalocalcaneal ligament
- Located on the posterolateral ankle, but NOT a collateral ligament
- Superiorly attaches to posterior lateral malleolus (blends with posterior tibiofibular ligament)
- Divides into two laminae - superomedial and inferolateral laminae
Superomedial laminae of fibulotalocalcaneal ligament
- Attaches to lateral tubercle of posterior process of talus
Inferolateral laminae of fibulotalocalcaneal ligament
- Attaches to posterior 1/3 of dorsal surface of calcaneus
- Can blen with calcaneofibular ligament laterally
Variations in fibulotalocalcaneal ligament
- 60% well defined
- 20% poorly defined
- 20% replaced by deep fascia
