Thyroid Pharm

Question 1

Hypothyroidism drugs

Answer 1

Levothyroxine LT4

Question 2

Hyperthyroid drugs

Answer 2

PTU
Methimazole

Potassium Iodide
Radioactive iodide

Propanolol

Question 3

4 Major thyroid effects

Answer 3

Brain maturation
BMR
Bone growth
Beta adrenergic

Question 4

LT4 treatment

Answer 4

T4 is converted to T3

Well absorbed orally when fasted (80%)
-Can be reduced by celiacs disease

TSH levels should be monitored

Question 5

LT4 adverse effects

Answer 5

1. ) Cardiac complications

2. ) Reduced bone mineral density (particularly in postmenopausal women)

Question 6

LT3

Answer 6

Only used for severe hypothyroidism

Question 7

Why check TSH levels at 4-6 weeks?

Answer 7

Time is required for drug to reach steady state

Question 8

2 major causes of hyperthyroidism

Answer 8

1. ) Graves Disease

2. ) Toxic Nodular Goiter

Question 9

What is graves disease?

Answer 9

Thyroid ImG bind to TSH receptor and activate it

Question 10

Propanolol

Answer 10

Relieves adrenergic symptoms

Ex: Palpitations, anxiety, tremor

Question 11

What drug inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3?

Answer 11

Propanolol

Question 12

Soft/ symmetrical goiter

Answer 12

Graves disease

Question 13

Toxic nodular goiter

Answer 13

Enlarged gland containing round masses that produce too much thyroid hormone

Question 14

Enlarger thyroid with irregular surface

Answer 14

Nodular goiter

Question 15

What do thioamides do?

Answer 15

Inhibit thyroid peroxidase

Question 16

Why is methimazole preferred over PTU?

Answer 16

Reveres hyperthyroidism more quickly
Fewer side effects
Taken once per daily

Question 17

Which patients will use PTU?

Answer 17

Pregnant patients/ breastfeeding because it does not cross the placenta wall as well or into breastmilk

Question 18

Adverse effects of antithyroid drugs? (3)

Answer 18

1. ) Allergic reaction
2. ) Agranulocytosis: Decreased WBC count
3. ) Sever liver injuries with PTU

( may also cause hypothyroidism, but this can be easily reversed)

Question 19

After (Blank) months of treatment, half of patients with Graves’
disease go into a remission and drug can be
discontinued

Answer 19

After 12-18 mo treatment, half of patients with Graves’
disease go into a remission and drug can be
discontinued

Question 20

What does potassium iodide block?

Answer 20

Thyroid hormone synthesis and release

Question 21

KI effects

Answer 21

1.) Reduced thyroid size

Given to Chernobyl children because quick effects

Question 22

How does Radioactive iodine work?

Answer 22

Causes mutation and death in cells it penetrates
Causes hypothyroidism
DO NOT USE IN PREGO