Thyroid/Neck Flashcards

Question 1

Q

A 35 year old female presents for a thyroid ultrasound. Her symptoms include fatigue, weight loss, intolerance to heat, and exophthalmia. What is her most likely diagnosis?

Hyperthyroidism

Hypothyroidism

Graves’s disease

Goiter

Answer

A

Hyperthyroidism

Question 2

Q

These images were obtained during a thyroid ultrasound done due to a palpable next mass in a 42 year old. What is the BEST diagnosis?

Carotid artery thrombus

Cyst

Thyroid cancer

Adenoma

Question 3

Q

A patient with clinical hyperthyroidism is referred for sonogram evaluation of an enlarged thyroid. The sonogram reveals a diffusely hypoechoic thyroid texture and lobulated contour. No discreet nodules are seen, but color-flow Doppler in the thyroid reveals dramatic flow in both systole and diastole. These findings are suggestive of:

Inflammatory lymph node

Papillary cancer

Grave’s disease

Benign thyroid nodule

Answer

A

Grave’s disease

Question 4

Q

How is thyroid cancer diagnosed?

CT scan

nuclear medicine

Biopsy

sonography

Answer

A

Biopsy

Question 5

Q

A middle aged woman with a painless diffuesly enlarged thyroid gland is referred for neck sonography. The sonogram reveals a hypoechoic but overall coarse homogeneous thyroid echotexture when compared with a normal thyroid. Also seen are multiple ill-defined hypoechoic areas separated by thickened fibrous strands. This is the appearance of:

Grave’s disease

Hashimoto’s disease

papillary cancer

goiter

Answer

A

Hashimoto’s disease

Question 6

Q

What hormones are secreted by the thyroid gland?

Thyroxine

TSH

Testosterone

Cortisol

Answer

A

Thyroxine

Question 7

Q

Which of the following is not a sonographic applications for the thyroid gland?

*To determine malignancy

*evaluate post radiation treatment

*evaluate post thyroid surgery

*evaluate for palpable neck mass

Answer

A

* To determine malignancy

Question 8

Q

An oval solid homogeneous mass located adjacent to the posterior aspect of the midportion of the thyroid is discovered in a postmenopausal woman. The sonographic features of the mass, along with the patient gender and age, make it suspicious for:

thymus gland

ectopic thyroid nodule

papillary thyroid cancer

parathyroid adenoma

Answer

A

parathyroid adenoma

Question 9

Q

A thyroid isthmus that measures greater than ____ is indicative of thyroid enlargement.

12 mm

8 mm

10 mm

5 mm

Question 10

Q

What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism?

Hashimoto thyroiditis

parathyroid adenoma

papillary cacinoma

Grave’s disease

Answer

A

Hashimoto thyroiditis

Question 11

Q

What describes the correct patient positioning for sonographic evaluation of the thyroid?

*The patient is supine with the neck hyperextended by a pad underneath the scapulae

*The patient is prone with the neck extended

*The patient is best examined in an upright position with the chin on the chest

* the patient is supine in a reversed Trendelenburg position

Answer

A

* The patient is supine with the neck hyperextended by a pad underneath the scapulae

Question 12

Q

Which abnormality is associated with the sonographic findings of a thyroid inferno?

Hashimoto thyroiditis

Hyperparathyroidism

Cervial lymphadenopathy

Graves disease

Answer

A

Graves disease

Question 13

Q

The normal longitudinal measurement of an adult thyroid gland is:

4-6 cm

2-3 cm

1.5-2 cm

10 mm

Answer

A

4-6 cm

Question 14

Q

The most common feature of a thyroid adenoma is:

Hemorrhage

Diffuse echogenicity

Peripheral sonolucent halo

Inhomogeneous properties

Answer

A

Peripheral sonolucent halo

Question 15

Q

The normal thyroid gland has a fine _____ echotexture that is _______echogenic than the surrounding muscle structures.

inhomogeneous;less

homogeneous;less

inhomogeneous;more

homogeneous;more

Answer

A

homogeneous;more

Question 16

Q

A patient with no significant medical history is seen with a palpable nodule in the left lobe of the thyroid. On ultrasound examination, the nodule is found to be moslty cystic but to contain debris. The features of this mass make it more likely to be:

malignant lymph node

benign thyroid nodule

inflammatory lymph node

paillary cancer

Answer

A

benign thyroid nodule

Question 17

Q

The differential diagnosis for thyroiditis includes all of the following except:

Abscess

Goiter

Hemorrhagic cyst

Multinodular goiter

Answer

A

Hemorrhagic cyst

Question 18

Q

You have been asked to perform a thyroid ultrasound on a patient with a palpable nodule in the left neck. Which of the following transducers would provide the most optimal scan?

2.25 MHz curved linear array

5.0 MHz curved linear array

7.5 MHz curved linear array

10 MHz linear array

Answer

A

10 MHz linear array

Question 19

Q

What is the most common thyroid mass?

goiter

adenoma

complex cyst

simple cyst

Answer

A

adenoma

Question 20

Q

Which vascular structure is located closet to the thyroid lobes?

external carotid artery

jugular vein

internal carotid artery

common carotid artery

Answer

A

common carotid artery

Question 21

Q

Which of the following would be considered the best way to prevent the spread of infection?

* taking vitamins

* cleaning the ultrasound machine

* covering your mouth when you caugh

* hand washing

Answer

A

hand washing

Question 22

Q

Benign congenital cysts located superior to the thyroid gland near the hyoid bone are referred to as:

Thyroglossal duct cysts

Follicular adenomas

branchial cleft cysts

Parathyroid adenomas

Answer

A

Thyroglossal duct cysts

Question 23

Q

A normal lymph node will not measure greater than:

5 mm

10 mm

12 mm

8 mm

Question 24

Q

Which of the following is the most common type of thyroid cancer?

Lymphoma

Papillary

Anaplastic

Follicular

Answer

A

Papillary

Question 25

Q

All of the following are sonographic findings of an abnormal lymph node except:

echogenic hilum

calcifications

enlargement

rounded shape

Answer

A

echogenic hilum

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Thyroid/Neck Flashcards

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