Scrotum Flashcards

Question 1

Q

A linear stripe of variable thickness and echogenicity running through the testicle in a craniocaudal direction represents the:

Dartos muscle

Cowper’s fascia

Epithelial layer

Mediastinum testis

Answer

A

Mediastinum testis

Question 2

Q

A dilated group of veins found within the scrotum is defined as a:

Spermatocele

Varicocele

Seminoma

Hydrocele

Answer

A

Varicocele

Question 3

Q

Clinical findings of acute scrotal pain and swelling are suggestive of:

Torsion

A neoplasm

Orchitis

Epididymitis

Answer

A

Torsion

Question 4

Q

You are scanning a scrotum on a 25 year old male with no known trauma. You notice an enlarged hypoechoic epididymus, focal hyperechoic areas within the epididymus, an enlarged testicle and hyperemic epididymus and testicle. What is the best diagnosis?

Epididymo-orchitis

Orchitis

Epididymitis

Torsion

Answer

A

Epididymo-orchitis

Question 5

Q

Obtained during an ultrasound exam on a 17 year old male for scrotal pain. What is the BEST diagnosis?

Epididymitus

Hydrocele

Unable to diagnose without color Doppler

Orchitis

Answer

A

Epididymitus

Question 6

Q

What scrotal abnormality is caused by incompetent valves within the pampiniform plexus?

Varicocele

Testicular microlithiasis

Testicular torsion

Testicular carcinoma

Answer

A

Varicocele

Question 7

Q

This 50 year old male present for an ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder for difficult urination. Give the BEST diagnosis.

Benign prostate hypertrophy

Normal prostate

Atrophied prostate

Prostate cancer

Answer

A

Benign prostate hypertrophy

Question 8

Q

A 52 year old man is seen with pain and enlargement of the scrotum. An ultrasound evaluation is ordered by the attending physician and reveals a small hydrocele on the left with a swollen heterogeneous appearing left testicle and left epididymis. Increased blood flow is also identified on color Doppler examination. This is suggestive of:

Scrotal hernia

Epididymitits

Testicular torsion

Epididymoorchitis

Answer

A

Epididymoorchitis

Question 9

Q

A 22 year old man is awakened with a sudden onset of scrotal pain. On examination in the emergency room, a scrotal ultrasound is ordered. The sonogram reveals slight enlargement of the right testicle and a small hydrocele. On color Doppler examination, no blood flow can be shown. What do these findings suggest?

Testicular torsion

Epididymitis

Orchitis

Embryonal cell tumor

Answer

A

Testicular torsion

Question 10

Q

A 26 year old male construction worker is seen in the emergency department after falling onto a metal pipe from a ladder. He currently has pain and swelling of the scrotum. An ultrasound is ordered. During the sonogram, increased echogenicity of the right testicle is noted. In addition, hypervascularity of the right testicle is noted on color Doppler examination. An area of echogenic material is seen in the upper margin of the right testicle. These findings are suggestive of:

Testicular rupture

Seminoma

Scrotal hernia

Testicular torsion

Answer

A

Testicular rupture

Question 11

Q

A 2 week old male is seen with an enlarged scrotum. During clinical examination, the swollen scrotum transilluminates light coming from a flashlight. Sonographically, anechoic fluid surrounds both testicles. The scrotal wall appears to be thin. These sonographic findings are suggestive of:

An acute hydrocele

A chronic hydrocele

Cryptorchidism

Hematocele

Answer

A

An acute hydrocele

Question 12

Q

What is the most common malignancy of the testicles?

seminoma

embryonal cell carcinoma

spermatocele

choriocarcinoma

Answer

A

seminoma

Question 13

Q

Enlargement of the prostate in older men is most often caused by:

bengin prostatic hypertrophy

prostatitis

prostate cancer

Klinefelter syndrome

Answer

A

bengin prostatic hypertrophy

Question 14

Q

A common cyst most often seen in the head of the epididymis that contains non-viable sperm is the:

tunica albunginea cyst

spermatocele

epididymal cyst

seminoma

Answer

A

spermatocele

Question 15

Q

A 23 year old man presents to the ultrasound department with a history of infertility. Which of the following is associated with male infertility?

spermatocele

choriocarcinoma

hydrocele

varicocele

Answer

A

varicocele

Question 16

Q

A 7 year old boy presents to the emergency department with acute testicular pain localized to the superior pole of his right testis. What is the most likely diagnosis?

hydrocele

testicular torsion

yolk sac tumor

torsion of the testicular appendage

Answer

A

torsion of the testicular appendage

Question 17

Q

A large complex hydrocele is most commonly associated with which of the following?

orchitis

Seminoma

Varicocele

Epididymal cyst

Answer

A

orchitis

Question 18

Q

What diagnostic information can an ultrasound of the scrotum provide?

*Determine malignancy

*intratesticular vs extratesticular mass

*Determine benign mass

*Ultrasound is not useful in testicular imaging

Answer

A

* intratesticular vs extratesticular mass

Question 19

Q

What is the most common cause for scrotal pain in adolescents?

torsion

trauma

epididymitis

epididymo-orchitis

Answer

A

torsion

Question 20

Q

What is the modality of choice for imaging the scrotum?

Sonography

X-ray

Nuclear medicine

MRI

Answer

A

Sonography

Question 21

Q

What is the most common cause of scrotal pain in adults?

epididymo-orchitis

epididymitis

torsion

trauma

Answer

A

epididymo-orchitis

Question 22

Q

You are performing Doppler analysis of the spermatic cord. Which of the following arteries or structures is found within the spermatic cord?

Vas Deferens

Testicular artery

cremasteric artery

deferential aretery

all of the above

Answer

A

all of the above

Question 23

Q

The most common location of a varicocele is:

Within the testis

The right side of the scrotum

The inguinal canal

The left side of the scrotum

Answer

A

The left side of the scrotum

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Scrotum Flashcards

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