Thyroid Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Thyroid Hormones

A

T3 - Triiodothyrine (3x more active than T4) (20% made in Thyroid, rest peripheral)
T4 - Thyroxine (100% made in thyroid)
Calcitonin

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2
Q

Thyroid Hormone Preparations

A

Liothyrine (T3)
Levothyroxine (T4)
Liotrix (T4 and T3 - 4:1)
Uses: Hypothyroidism (Cretenism, Child and Adult [Hashimoto’s]), Myxedema Coma (End Stage Untreated Hypothyroidism)

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3
Q

Anti-Thyroid Drugs: Thioamides

A

Propylthiouracil (PTU) [*Inhibits peripheral T4->T3][SE: Hepatits] [BETTER FOR PREGNANCY]
Methimazole
Carbimazole
Common MOA: Inhibit Thyroperoxidase, block iodine oxidation, coupling of MIT and DIT
Toxicity: Flat itchy rash, Agranulocytosis, Fetal Thyroid (Meth and carb only)

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4
Q

Anti-Thyroid Drugs: Anion Inhibitors

A
Perchlorate (ClO4-)
Pertechnetate (TcO4-)
Thiocynate (SCN-)
Use: Block uptake of Iodide by gland via Competitive Inhibition of Iodide Txp
SE: Aplastic Anemia
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5
Q

Anti-Thyroid Drugs: Iodine & Iodides [Iodine Salts]

A

Na Iodide
K Iodide
Lugol’s Iodide (I2 & KI)
Use: Inhibit hormone release, Preop ddrugs by decreasing vascularity, Rapid improvement of Thyrotoxic Symptoms in 2-7 days
Limitations: Thyroid Escape 2-8 weeks
TOXICITY: Pimple Rash, Swollen Salivary Glands. Rhinorrhea, Conjuctivitis, Anaphylactic Reactions, Mucous membrane ulceration

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6
Q

Iodine Contrast Media

A

Diatrizoate

Iohexol

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7
Q

Radioactive Iodine I-131

A
  • PO (rapid)
  • Beta Radiation on Thyroid
  • Slow destruction of thyroid
  • Cheap alternative to surgery
    SE: Slow onset hypothyroidism in 80%
    CI: Pregnancy, Young Pts
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8
Q

Adrenoreceptor Blocking Agents

A

Metaprolol
Atenolol
Propanolol
USE: Inhibit thyrotoxicosis symptoms (Palpitation, Nervousness, Tremors)

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9
Q

Grave’s Disease Tx

A

Radioactive Idine (Preferred for >21 & w/o heart disease)
Methimazol
Propylthiouracil (PTU)

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10
Q

Toxic Adenoma Tx

A

Radioiodine

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11
Q

Toxic Multinodular Goiter Tx

A

Thioamides (Methimazole, Carbimazole, PTU)

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12
Q

Thyroid Storm Tx

A
Propylthiouracil
Propanolol
Potassium Iodide (KI)
Dilatezem (CC Blocker)
Hydrocortisone
SUPPORTIVE THERAPY: Fever, Heart Failure, Any Dx that precipitates storm
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13
Q

Amiodarone Induced Thyrotoxicosis

A

Type I - PTU (Iodine Induced)

Type II - Corticosteroids (Inflammatory)

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14
Q

Thyroid Radiation Exposure

A

Potassium Iodide (KI)

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