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Block 2 Pharm > Respiratory Distress Drugs > Flashcards

Respiratory Distress Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Short Acting Bronchodilators

A

Albuterol
Metaproterenol
Terbutaline

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2
Q

Long Acting Bronchodilators

A

Salmeterol

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3
Q

B1 and B2 Agonist

A

Isoproterenol

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4
Q

A1, B1, B2 Agonist

A

Epinephrine

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5
Q

Bronchodilators MOA

A
  • Beta 2 Agonist
  • Bind Adenylate Cyclase = cAMP
  • Relaxed Smooth Muscle
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6
Q

Bronchodilator USES

A
  • Bronchospasms
  • Long Action Prophylaxis Only
  • Aerosolics have low systemic Toxicity Potential
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7
Q

Bronchodilator CI

A
  • Uncontrolled Arrhythmia
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8
Q

Bronchodilator SE

A
  • Anxiety
  • Headache
  • Tremors
  • Palpitations
  • Tachycardia
  • HTN
  • Arrhythmia
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9
Q

Xanthine Bronchodilators - Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

A

Theophylline
Aminophylline
MOA - Competitively inhibit Phosphodiesterase, INC cAMP, Relaxation of bronchial muscle

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10
Q

Theophylline Drug Interactions

A 
Cipro - Effects elimination
Erythromycin - INC toxicity
Tobacco and Pot - INC metabolism
Carbamezepine - DEC effects
Phenobarbital - CNS depressant
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11
Q

Anticholinergic Bronchodilators

A
  • M Blockers
    Ipatropium
    Tiotropium
    MOA - Local bronchodilation after inhalation
    USES - BB induced Bronchospasm; Adjunct Bronchodilator in Asthma
    SE - Dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, Tachycardia, Mydriasis
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12
Q

Corticosteroids

A

Beclomethasone
Fluticasone
Triamcinolone
Ciclesonide
(ORAL) Predinose
MOA - Anti-inflammatory, Stop Inflammatory mediators, Stop LTs
USES - Chronic Bronchitis, Bronchial Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis
SE - Abdominal Distress, Anorexia, Unpleasant taste in mouth, Candidiasis
CI - Acute Bronchospasms

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13
Q

LT Antagonists

A

Montelukast
Zafirlukast
MOA - Antagonist at LTD4 receptors

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14
Q

LOX Antagonists

A

Zileuton
MOA - Blocks ALL LTs
USES - Prophylaxis and chronic tx of asthma, Seasonal allergic rhinitis
SE - Headache, dental pain, GI distress, Rash, Zileutin INC LFTs

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15
Q

Mast Cell Stabilizers

A

Cromulon
Nedocromil
MOA - Prevent degranulation of pulmonary mast cells (no release of histamine)
USES - Prevention of Bronchospasm, Prophylactic in exercise induced asthma, Not acute attack
SE - Cough, Hoarseness, Diarrhea, Myalgia, Bad taste in mouth

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16
Q

Monoclonal Ab

A

Omalizumab
MOA - Binds IgE on Mast Cells
USES - Moderate to severe Persistent Asthma (NOT ACUTE)
SE - Local injection site irritation, Headache, INC rate of viral or resp tract infxn

17
Q

Quick Relief in Infants and young Kids

A

Albuterol

18
Q

Long Term Relief: Mild Intermittent (Less than 2days/week)

A

No Tx

19
Q

Long Term Relief: Mild Persistent (>2days/week)

A
  • Low Dose Inhaler
    Beclomethasone
    OR Montelukast and/or cromolyn
    OR Theophylline
20
Q

Long Term Relief: Moderate Persistent (DAILY)

A
  • Low Dose Inhaler

Beclomethasone + salmetrol or Montelukast

21
Q

Long Term Relief: Severe Persistent (DAILY - FREQUENT)

A
  • High Dose Inhaler

Beclomethasone + Salmetrol + Oral Predisone

22
Q

Goals of Therapy (Asthma Control)

A
  • Minimal or no chronic s/sx day or night
  • Minimal or no exacerbations
  • No limitations on activity
  • Maintain normal pulmonary fxn
  • Minimal use of short acting B2 inhaler
  • Minimal or no SE
23
Q

ER management of Status Asthmaticus

A
  • Supplemental O2
  • Inhaled Albuterol
  • IV Methylprednisone
  • Nebulized Ipratropium
  • *In Severe Attacks w/ no response to inhaled drugs - SC/IV Epinephrine
24
Q

Antitussives

A

Opioid - Codeine
Non-Opioid - Dextromethorphan, Benzonatate
MOA - Suppress cough reflex
USES - Dry cough and cough that affects activities/sleep

25
Q

Expectorants

A

Guaifenesin
MOA - DEC viscosity of secretions
USES - Tx cough associated w/ cold and Resp Infxns
CI - persistent cough from Emphysema, asthma or smoker cough

26
Q

Diluents

A

Water
NS
MOA - Dilute Respiratory Secretions
NEBULIZED

27
Q

Mucolytics

A

Acetylcysteine
MOA - Breakdown mucus
NEBULIZED

28
Q

Dornase Alpha

A

USES - Cystic Fibrosis
MOA - Recombinant Human DNAse
NEBULIZED

29
Q

Decongenstants

A

Pseudoephedrine
Phenylephrine
MOA - Stimulate Alpha 1 (Vasoconstriction)
USES - Nasal Congestions

Block 2 Pharm (8 decks)

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