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Block 2 Pharm > Sex Hormones > Flashcards

Sex Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

Natural Androgens

A

Testosterone
Dihydrotestosterone
Dehydroepiandrosterone
Androstenedione

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2
Q

Synthetic Androgens

A 
- 17alpha-Alkylated Androgens
Methyltestosterone
Fluoxymesterone
- Esters
Testosterone Enanthate
Cypionate
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3
Q

Therapeutic uses of Androgens

A

Male Hypogonadism
Growth Stimulators
Angioedema (no C1-Esterase Inhibitor)

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4
Q

Androgen SE

A
  • Virilization and Menstrual Irregularities
  • Precocious Puberty and short stature
  • Acne
  • Cholestatic Jaundice (17alpha-alpkylated androgens)
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5
Q

Androgens CI

A

Prostate Cancer
Pregnant Women
Children
Renal or Cardiac Dx

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6
Q

Anabolic Steroids

A

Nandrolone
Oxymetholone
Methenolone
Oxandrolone

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7
Q

Anabolic Steroid Uses

A 
Osteoporosis
Catabolic States
Hereditary Edema
Performance Enhancement
Growth Stimulators
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8
Q

Anti-Androgens: Testosterone Inhibitors

A

Leuprolide (GnRH Analog)
Histrelin (GnRH Analog)
Abarelix (GnRH Antagonist)

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9
Q

Anti-Androgens: Androgen Receptor Antagonists

A

Flutamide

Bicalutamide

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10
Q

Anti-Androgens Uses

A

Prostate Cancer

Hirsutism in Women

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11
Q

Anti-Androgens SE

A

Hepatotoxicity

Gynecomastia

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12
Q

Cyproterone Acetate

A
  • Tx Hirustism (Women)

- DEC Sex drive (in men)

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13
Q

Finasteride

A
  • 5 Alpha Reductase Inhibitor
    MOA: DEC Dihydrotestosterone levels
    USES: BPH, Male Pattern Baldness
    SE: DEC Libido, Impotence, Rashes
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14
Q

Estrogens: Natural Estrogens

A

Estradiol
Estriol
Estrone

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15
Q

Estrogens: Synthetic Estrogens [STEROIDAL]

A

Ethinylestradiol
Mestranol
Tibolone

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16
Q

Estrogens: Synthetic Estrogens [NON-STEROIDAL]

A

Diethystinestrol (DES)
Hexestrol
Dienestrol

17
Q

Estrogen Therapeutic Uses

A
  • Combined OCPs
  • HRT
  • Primary Hypogonadism
  • Senile Vaginitis
  • Dysmenorrhea (combined w/ progestins to suppress ovulation)
18
Q

Estrogen SE

A
  • Nausea Vomiting
  • Fullness/Tenderness of breasts and edema
  • Severe Migraine
  • Gallbladder Dx
  • Cancer
  • Cervical/Vaginal adenocarcinoma risk in offspring of pregnant women who take DES
19
Q

Estrogen CI

A
  • Endometrial/Breast Carcinoma
  • Undiagnosed genital bleeding
  • Liver dx
  • Hx of thromboembolic dx
  • Smokers
20
Q

Clomiphene

A
  • Anti-estrogen
    USES: Estrogen from Anovulatory cycle, Male infertility, IVF
    SE: Hot flashes, Ovarian Hyperstimulation, INC incidence of multiple births, Ovarian Cysts
21
Q

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators: Tamoxifen

A
  • Estrogenic Actions: Brain, Bone, Liver
  • Antagonistic Actions: Breast
    USES: Breast Cancer (ER+, PR+, Preventative Agent, reduces recurrence for 5 years)
22
Q

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators: Raloxifene

A
  • Estrogen Agonist in Bone and Liver
  • Estrogen Antagonist in Breast
    USES: Osteoporosis, Breast Cancer prophylaxis
    MOA: Reduce rate of Bone loss, INC peripheral bone mass, DEC rate of Vertebral Fx
23
Q

Progestins: Natural

A

Progesterone

24
Q

Progestins: Synthetic

A 
Medroxy Progesterone Acetate (MPA)
Megestrol
Nomegestrol
Norethindrone
Desogestrel
Drospirenone
Levonorgestrel
25
Q

Progestin Uses

A
  • Contraceptives
  • HRT
  • Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (DUB)
  • Endometriosis
    SE IN DUB AND ENDOMETRIOSIS: Prolonged anovulation and amenorrhea
26
Q

Antiprogestin

A

Mifepristone
MOA: Competitive Antagonist
USES: Post-Coital Contraceptive, Termination of Pregnancy
SE: Heavy bleeding, Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal Discomfort

27
Q

Hormonal Contraceptive: Combined Oral Pill

A 
Estrogen (20-50 ug)
- Ethynelestradiol
- Mestranol
Progesterone
- Norethindrone
- Levonorgestrel
- Desogestrel
- Norgestimate
*MONOPHASIC - same amount of E&P for 21 days and 7 days off
*BIPHASIC - 2 and 3 pills containing varying amounts to be taken at different times during the 21 day cycle
28
Q

Hormonal Contraceptive: Progesterone Only Pill

A

Norgestrel (Ovrette)

  • Low Dose Progesterone
  • Taken daily w/o interruption
29
Q

Hormonal Contraceptive: Post-Coital Emergency Contraceptive

A

Plan B
- 1 tablet of levonorgestrel w/i 48 hours - Rpt after 12 hours
OR
- Single 600 mg mifepristone w/i 72 hours

30
Q

Hormonal Contraceptive: Injectable

A
  • Long Acting Progestin Only
    Depot Medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA); 150-400mg at 3-6 month intervals
    Norethindrone Enanthate; 200mg at 2-3 month intervals
  • Long Acting Progestin + Long Acting Estrogen
    Once a month
31
Q

Hormonal Contraceptive: Implants

A

Levonorgestrel
Etonogestrel
“Mirena”
“NuvaRing”

32
Q

Hormonal Contraception MOA

A
  • Progesterone diminishes GnRH pulses
  • Gondatropin Inhibition (FSH, LH)
  • Cervical Mucus Hostile to Sperm
  • Post-coital pill may dislodge newly implanted blastocyte
33
Q

Hormonal Contraception SE

A 
Nausea/Vomiting
Headache
Irregular Spotting
Weight gain, Acne
Chloasma (facial pigmentation when pregnant)
Carb intolerance
INC in risk for venous and pulmonary thrombosis
Coronary and Cerebral Thrombosis
HTN
Cancer: INC risk in predisposed individuals
Gall Stones
Benign Hepatomas (liver tumor)
34
Q

Hormonal Contraceptive CI

A 
Thromboembolic, Coronary and cerebrovascular Dx
Known or suspected carcinoma of breast/genital tract
HTN
Active Liver Dx
Impending Major Surgery
DM
Migraine
Gallbladder Dx
35
Q

Danazol

A
  • Suppression of Gn secretion - inhibition of testicular/ovarian fxn
    USES: Endometriosis, Menorrhagia
    SE: Amenorrhea, Acne, Weight gain, Hirsutism, Loss of libido, Hot flashes

Block 2 Pharm (8 decks)

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