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NAPLEX!!! > Thyroid Disorders - Chapter 45 > Flashcards

Thyroid Disorders - Chapter 45 Flashcards

1
Q

Two Main Thyroid Hormones

A

Triiodothyronine (T3)
Thyroxidine (T4)

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2
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

Overactive thyroid

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3
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

Underactive Thyroid

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4
Q

Levothryoxine Brand Names

A

Synthroid
Levoxyl
Unithroid

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5
Q

_______ is the drug of choice for hypothyrodisim

A

Levothryoxine

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6
Q

Replacement dose for Levothryoxine

A

1.6 mcg/kg/day

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7
Q

Main counseling point of levothyroxine

A

MUST be taken on an empty stomach (~60 minutes prior to first food and all other meds)

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8
Q

Unique fact about Levothryoxine

A

Tablet colors are standard between manufacturers and brands

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9
Q

Levothryoxine Tablet colors

A

25 mcg: orange
50 mcg: white
75 mcg: violet
88 mcg: olive
100 mcg: yellow
112 mcg: rose
125 mcg: brown
137 mcg: turquoise
150 mcg: blue
175 mcg: lilac
200 mcg: pink
300 mcg: green

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10
Q

Which tablet size of levothyroxine is dye free?

A

50 mcg

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11
Q

IV to PO conversion for levothryoxine

A

0.75:1

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12
Q

BBW

A

Ineffective and potentially toxic when used for obesity and weight loss reduction. High doses can cause serious and life threatening toxic effects, especially with some anoertic drugs

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13
Q

How often should you get TSH levels checked once you start levothryoxine?

A

Every 4-6 weeks until levels are stable

Then can move to 4-6 months

Then can move to yearly checks

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14
Q

Levothryoxine is which hormone?

A

T4

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15
Q

Thyroid Desiccated is which hormone?

A

T3 and T4 mixture

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16
Q

Liothyronine is which hormone?

A

T3

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17
Q

Hashimoto’s Disease

A

Autoimmune condition in which a patient’s own antibodies attack the thyroid gland

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18
Q

Myxedema Coma

A

Uncommon by potentially fatal complication of hypothyroidism that can occur when left untreated for a long time.

It is considered a medical emergency

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19
Q

Normal range T4

A

0.9-2.3 ng/dL

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20
Q

Normal range TSH

A

0.3-3 mIU/L

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21
Q

Hypothyroidism is diagnosed with a ____ free T4 and a ____ TSH

A

low; high

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22
Q

TSH levels should be checked every _____ when figuring out the proper dose of medication

A

4-6 weeks

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23
Q

Once stable on a dose, TSH levels should be checked every _____

A

year

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24
Q

Too high of a thyroid replacement dose for elderly can lead to ______ and ______

A

Afib; fractures

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25
Q

Which hormones are monitored when treating hypothyrodism in pregnancy?

A

TSH
Free T4

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26
Q

Antacids should be given ______ apart from levothyroxine

27
Q

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate and patiromer (Veltassa) should be given _____apart from levothyroxine

28
Q

Antacids ______ levothyroxine absorption

29
Q

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate and patiromer _____ levothryoxine absorption

30
Q

Lanthanum ______ levothryoxine

31
Q

Lanthanum should be given ______ apart from levothyroxine

32
Q

Estrogens _____ levothyroxine absorption

33
Q

SSRIs ______ levothyroxine absorption

34
Q

Hepatic inducers _____ levothyroxine absorption

35
Q

Beta blockers _____ the effectiveness of levothyroxine by _____ the conversion of T4 to T3

A

decrease, decreasing

36
Q

Amiodarone _____ the effectiveness of levothyroxine by _____ the conversion of T4 to T3

A

decrease, decreasing

37
Q

Propylthiouricil (PTU) _____ the effectiveness of levothyroxine by ____ the conversion of T4 to T3

A

decrease, decreasing

38
Q

Systemic steroids ______ the effectiveness of levothyroxine by ____ the conversion of T4 to T3

A

decrease, decreasing

39
Q

Thyroid hormone is _______ protein bound

40
Q

Thyroid hormones _____ the effects of warfarin

41
Q

Thyroid hormones _____ the levels of theophyillus

42
Q

True or False: you should continue to take the same brand and levothyroxine whenever possible

43
Q

Hyperthyrodism

A

The thyroid gland over produces thyroid hormones leading to a decrease in TSH and an increase of FT4

44
Q

When left untreated hyperthyroidism could lead to

A

tachycardia
arrhythmias
heart failure
osteoporosis

45
Q

Graves disease

A

An autoimmune disorder where antibodies stimulate the thyroid causing it to produce too much T4

46
Q

Graves disease most common appears in ________ aged ______

A

females; 30-50 years old

47
Q

Propylthiourcil (PTU) BBW

A

Severe liver failure
Pregnancy - preferred in the first trimester

48
Q

Methimazole Brand Name

49
Q

Counseling point for both methimazole and PTU

A

Take with food

50
Q

Drug of choice for hyperthyroidism

A

Methimazole - less risk for liver toxicity

51
Q

Hyperthyroidism and pregnancy

A

First trimester - PTU
Second and Third trimester - Methimazole

52
Q

Drug of choice in Thyroid Storm

53
Q

Side effects of PTU and Methimazole

A

GI upset
Headache
Rash
Fever
Constipation
Loss of taste and smell

54
Q

Symptom management of thyroid storm

A

Beta Blockers (propranolol)

55
Q

Synthroid Generic

A

Levothyroxine

56
Q

Levoxyl Generic

A

Levothyroxine

57
Q

Unithroid Generic

A

Levothyroxine

58
Q

Armour Thyroid Generic

A

Desiccated Thyroid USP

59
Q

Desiccated Thyroid USP Brand

A

Armour Thyroid

60
Q

Liothyronine Brand

61
Q

Cytomel Generic

A

Liothyronine

62
Q

Methimazole Brand

63
Q

Tapazole Generic

A

Methimazole

NAPLEX!!! (21 decks)

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