Thyroid Disorder

Question 1

Collection of glands that produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, mood, etc…

Answer 1

Endocrine System

Question 2

Thyroid gland hormones
regulate ___ ___—
the speed at which cells
perform functions

Answer 2

metabolic rate

Question 3

Thyroids 4 main functions

Answer 3

1. Metabolic rate
2. Carbohydrate, protein and fat metbolism
3. Maintain bp
4. Regulate growth and development

Question 4

2 Thyroid Gland Hormones

Answer 4

1. Thyroxine T4 levothyroxine

2. Triidothyronine T3

Question 5

• Major hormone secreted by thyroid gland

* Requires iodine for synthesis

Answer 5

Thyroxine T4 Levothyroxine

Question 6

• T4 converted to T3
• Enters target cells
• Binds to intracellular receptors
• Active form

Answer 6

Triiodothyronine T3

Question 7

3 Thyroid Gland Hormones

Answer 7

1. Thyroxine T4 levothyroxine
2. Triidothyronine T3
3. Thyroid stimulating hormone TSH

Question 8

____ is required for the synthesis of T4 and is

provided by dietary intake of iodized salt

Answer 8

Iodine

Question 9

Once released into the bloodstream, thyroid
hormones can exist in the bound (to a protein)
or unbound form

Which is the form that is active of the 2

Answer 9

unbound form

Question 10

Thyroid hormones are highly protein bound

___% for T4 and __% for T3

Answer 10

99. 9

99. 5

Question 11

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
• From the \_\_\_\_\_
• Stimulates growth of
the thyroid gland
• \_\_\_\_ and secretion
of the thyroid
hormones

Answer 11

hypothalamus

Synthesis

Question 12

How do we test for thyroid disorders

Answer 12

Blood test is taken that measures unbound T4 and TSH levels

Question 13

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 13

Increased serum T4 levels

Decreased serum TSH levels *

Question 14

Hypothyroidism

Answer 14

• Decreased serum t4 levels

- Increased serum TSH levels *

Question 15

• Thryroid
gland
enlarged and
inflamed • Can be a
result of hypo
or
hyperthyroidi
sm

Answer 15

GOITER

Question 16

Most common etiology of hyperthyroidism

Answer 16

Graves Diseases

They have been back to the grave and back

Question 17

Signs and Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism if undiagnosed

Answer 17

1. Sweating
2. Weight loss
3. Nervousness
4. Oversensitive to heat
5. Fatigue
6. Moist skin
7. Tachycardia
8. In graves disease there is bulging eyes

Question 18

There are no special precautions to following when
treating dental patients who are well ____ with
thyroid medication

• Get medical consultation if needed
• ___ is contraindicated in patients with thyroid
storm (Rare)

Answer 18

controlled

Epinephrine

Question 19

Can cause congestive heart failure and fluid retention

around the heart.

Answer 19

Hypothyroidism

Question 20

3 Tx of Hyperthyroidism

Answer 20

1. Thioamide drugs
2. Radioactive Iodine
3. Iodine

Question 21

Mechanism of Action of Thiamide drugs

Answer 21

Inhibit thyroid hormone
production by interfering with in the incorporation of iodine

Example: Propylthiouracil (PTU), Methimazole (Tapazole)
S hort term only: reduces white blood cells

Question 22

Patient drinks liquid containing sodium iodide that
destroys the overactive thyroid gland.
Patient usually becomes hypothyroid and must take
thyroid supplements for the rest of his or her life

Answer 22

Radioactive iodine

Question 23

• Iodine
• ___ solution
• 10% potassium iodine/5% iodine

Answer 23

Lugol’s

Question 24

Used in thyroid storm, a life threatening condition featuring:
• Hypertension
• Tachycardia
• Confusion
• Vomiting
• Coma

Answer 24

Iodine

Question 25

What causes hypothyroidism the etiology

Answer 25

Deficiency in secreation of T4 and T3 from the thyroid gland | Elevated serum levels of TSH

Question 26

Is hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism more common in women

Answer 26

hypo

Question 27

S/S of hypothyroidism undiagnosed

Answer 27

* Cold intolerance * Weakness * Tiredness * Fatigue * Hoarseness * Constipation * Aches, pains

Question 28

2 Thyroid Replacement drugs

Answer 28

``` Thyroid USP (Armour) Levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levoxyl, Variuous generics ```

Question 29

___ ___ may cause allergic reactions since it is | derived from animal sources

Answer 29

Thyroid USP

Question 30

For therapeutic purposes synthetic T4 is used because more constant blood levels can be achieved due to its longer duration of action (half-life 7 days) than T3 (half- life 1 day)

Answer 30

Levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levoxyl, various generics)