Thyroid Bumps Flashcards
what two types of MEN are associated with thyroid cancer?
MEN 2a and 2b
if you have a thyroid nodule and the TSH is low, what should you order?
radioiodine scan
what will a radioiodine scan show with a nodule?
may show a hot nodule and this makes it less likely for malignancy to be the cause of the nodule
what is the benign neoplasm of the thyroid?
follicular adenoma
name the four malignant neoplasms of the thyroid
papillary carcinoma
follicular carcinoma
medullary carcinoma
anaplastic carcinoma
what thyroid neoplasm comes from the parafolliular or C cells?
medullary carcinoma
what is the most common thyroid malignancy?
papillary thyroid carcinma
how do papillary thyroid carcinomas spread?
lymphatic invasion…lymph node involvement is common
what are the two subtypes of follicular thyroid carcinoma
/
encapsulated and widely invasive
which is worse, encapsulated or widely invasive follicular thyroid carcinoma?
widely invasive is much worse
what are treatment options for papillary thyroid carcinoma and follicular thyroid carcinoma?
surgery first line then radioiodine
how does follicular thyroid carcinoma spread?
usually spreads via blood
post op for papillary/follicular thyroid carcinoma, do you want to maintain low or high TSH levels?
low so that you are not stimulating any growth of thyroid tissue
how do you keep TSH levels low?
give extra thyroid hormone replacement
what do you use to follow recurence of papillary or follicular thyroid carcinoma? what should it be?
thyroglobulin…low means good
what cells do medullary thyroid cancer come from/
from the C cells/parafollicular cells
what type of tumor is medullary thyroid cancer?
neuroendocrine
what is rx for medullary thyroid cancer?
total thyroidectomy
what do you follow medullary thyroid cancer with post op?
calcitonin levels…should be low
what is most deadly thyroid cancer?
anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
what is least common thyroid cancer
anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
how do patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma usually die?
from strangulation
non toxic multinodular goiter means what?
patient has a bunch of nodules that give goiter appearance but all TSH levels and thyroid hormones are normal
if TSH is low and you have multinodules in the thyroid, is it toxic or non toxic?
toxic
