thyroid Flashcards
increase in TH causes a decrease in
TRH and TSH
lack of TH causes
less negative feedback, increased TSH and size of thyroid gland
TSH causes
increase in size and functin of thyroid gland
name of center of thyroid gland
colloid
parafollicular cells make
calcitonin (Ca++ regulation)
what goes into a thyroid gland to cause the release of TH
Iodide (I-)
difference between T3 and T4
T3: three iodides bound
T4: four iodides bound
what is necessary for T3/T4 production
must be bound to thryoglobulin
does TH act on intra or extracellular receptors
intracellular
thryoxinebinding protein
binds T3 and T4, also binds albumin (main plasma protein)
what is more active T3 or T4
T3
in the conversion of T4 to T3 what is released more
T4
what converts T4 to T3
5- deiodinase
what inhibites 5- deiodinase
fasting
lack of thyroid hormone at birth causes
congenital hypothyroidism
thyroid hormone causes
differentiation of neurons into mature neurons
thryoid hormone increases
- GH synthesis (protein synthesis)
- enzymes for ATP production
- number of beta 1 receptors (permissive for Ep)
- BMR (basal metabolic rate)
BMR
energy required to maintain life
* membrane potential
* heart
* respiration
hashimotos disease
maine cause of hypothyroidism in the US
* body makes antibodies against the thyroid gland (damage)
symptoms of hyperthyroidism
- decreased BMR
- weight gain
- intolerance to cold
- fatigue
treatment of hypothyroidism
iodide deficiency - give iodide
hashimoto’s disease - thyroid hormone
graves’ disease
autoimmune disease
* antibodies activate TSH receptors
symptoms of hyperthyroidism
increased BMR, weight loss, intolerance to heat, nervousness
treatment of hyperthyroidism
remove part of thyroid gland
restrict iodide intake
