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Physiology Exam 4 > thyroid > Flashcards

thyroid Flashcards

1
Q

increase in TH causes a decrease in

A

TRH and TSH

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2
Q

lack of TH causes

A

less negative feedback, increased TSH and size of thyroid gland

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3
Q

TSH causes

A

increase in size and functin of thyroid gland

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4
Q

name of center of thyroid gland

A

colloid

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5
Q

parafollicular cells make

A

calcitonin (Ca++ regulation)

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6
Q

what goes into a thyroid gland to cause the release of TH

A

Iodide (I-)

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7
Q

difference between T3 and T4

A

T3: three iodides bound
T4: four iodides bound

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8
Q

what is necessary for T3/T4 production

A

must be bound to thryoglobulin

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9
Q

does TH act on intra or extracellular receptors

A

intracellular

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10
Q

thryoxinebinding protein

A

binds T3 and T4, also binds albumin (main plasma protein)

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11
Q

what is more active T3 or T4

A

T3

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12
Q

in the conversion of T4 to T3 what is released more

A

T4

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13
Q

what converts T4 to T3

A

5- deiodinase

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14
Q

what inhibites 5- deiodinase

A

fasting

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15
Q

lack of thyroid hormone at birth causes

A

congenital hypothyroidism

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16
Q

thyroid hormone causes

A

differentiation of neurons into mature neurons

17
Q

thryoid hormone increases

A
  • GH synthesis (protein synthesis)
  • enzymes for ATP production
  • number of beta 1 receptors (permissive for Ep)
  • BMR (basal metabolic rate)
18
Q

BMR

A

energy required to maintain life
* membrane potential
* heart
* respiration

19
Q

hashimotos disease

A

maine cause of hypothyroidism in the US
* body makes antibodies against the thyroid gland (damage)

20
Q

symptoms of hyperthyroidism

A
  • decreased BMR
  • weight gain
  • intolerance to cold
  • fatigue
21
Q

treatment of hypothyroidism

A

iodide deficiency - give iodide
hashimoto’s disease - thyroid hormone

22
Q

graves’ disease

A

autoimmune disease
* antibodies activate TSH receptors

23
Q

symptoms of hyperthyroidism

A

increased BMR, weight loss, intolerance to heat, nervousness

24
Q

treatment of hyperthyroidism

A

remove part of thyroid gland
restrict iodide intake

25
Q

does hyperthyroidism cause a goiter

A

yes - antibodies stimualte thyroid gland

Physiology Exam 4 (10 decks)

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