adrenal Flashcards
center (medulla) of adrenal cortex releases
NE, Ep
zona glomerullosa of adrenal cortex releases
aldosterone (mineralocorticoid)
* regulates minerals
zona reticularis of adrenal cortex releases
androgens and cortisol
zona fasciulata of the adrenal cortex releeases
coritsol
* regulates glucose (glucocorticoid)
stimulus for Ep, NE release from adrenal medulla
low blood glucose, exercise, cold, pain , anger, stress
function of adrenal medulla release of NE, Ep
fight or flight response
Ep and Ne increase
- blood glucose
- cardiac output
- ventilation
does NE have longer or shorter lasting effects from adrenal medulla than from neurons at target organ
longer
adrenal cortex hormones
glucocorticoids, mineralcorticoids, androgens
glucocorticoids regulate
glucose
adrenal corticotropic hormone (ATCH) increases
cortisol release
size of adrenal cortex
function of cortisol
- increases gluconeogensis (increase blood glucose)
- anti-inflammatory and immunosuppresive
cortisol is persmissive for Ep, NE…
increase number of beta 1 and beta 2 recetpors–> increase NE, EP effects
what cortisol function only occurs during starvation
protein -> amino acids
fat –> fatty acids
mineralcorticoids
regulates minerals - Na+ and K+
aldosterone
aldosterone release is stimulated by
- increased blood K+
- decreased blood volume
- ACTH
function of aldosterone
increased Na+ reabsorption, increased K+ secretion
adrenal androgens cause
masculinizing effects
types of adrenal androgens
dehydroepiandrosterone
androstenedione
cushings disease is caused by
a tumor that producses excess cortisol
if there is increased CRH or ACTh there is a tumor in
hypothalamus or anterior pituitary
if there is increased cortisol there is a tumor in
adrenal cortex
what happens if there is a very high increase in cortisol
fat repositioning
muscle wasting
increase blood glucose
addisons disease is casued by
decreased cortisol and usually decreased aldosterone
