Hypothalamus and Pituitary Flashcards
CRH activates
ACTH
ACTH acts on
adrenal cortex
* secretes aldosterone
DA (dopamine) inhibits
prolactin
prolactin
breast development and milk production
TRH activates
TSH
TSH
acts on thyroid
* released thyroid hormone
GHRH (activates) and SS (inhibts)
growth hormone
GnRH activates
FSH and LH
GH function
cartilage and bone growth
protein metabolism
carbohydrate metabolism
lipid metabolism
what does GH increase in protein metabolism
amino acid uptake into cells
protein synthesis
muscle formation
GH is used by athletes to
increase muscle (short half-life)
carbohydrate metabolism (GH)
anti-insulin effects
decrease glucose uptake into cells - increase blood glucose
lipid metabolism (GH)
increase lipolysis (fat breakdown) - increase free fatty acids
treatment of growth hormone deficiency in children
give growth hormone injection
high growth hormone in adults
increase growth of bone where the growth plate does not close off - bones in the face - problem if you take growth hormone to increase muscle
prolactin
stimulates breat development and milk production
what stimulates prolactin release
TRH, estrogen
what inhibits prolactin
dopamine
what inhibts milk production
estrogen and progesterone
what hormones are released from anterior pituitary
prolactin, TSH, GH, FSH, LH, ACTH
posterior pituitary release
ADH and oxytocin
oxytocin is made in the _ and released in the _
hypothalamus, posterior pituitary
what stimulates oxytocin release
suckling of a nursing infant
cervical dilation
effects of oxytocin
release of milk
birth (parturition)
