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Physiology Exam 4 > Hypothalamus and Pituitary > Flashcards

Hypothalamus and Pituitary Flashcards

1
Q

CRH activates

A

ACTH

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2
Q

ACTH acts on

A

adrenal cortex
* secretes aldosterone

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3
Q

DA (dopamine) inhibits

A

prolactin

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4
Q

prolactin

A

breast development and milk production

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5
Q

TRH activates

A

TSH

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6
Q

TSH

A

acts on thyroid
* released thyroid hormone

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7
Q

GHRH (activates) and SS (inhibts)

A

growth hormone

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8
Q

GnRH activates

A

FSH and LH

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9
Q

GH function

A

cartilage and bone growth
protein metabolism
carbohydrate metabolism
lipid metabolism

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10
Q

what does GH increase in protein metabolism

A

amino acid uptake into cells
protein synthesis
muscle formation

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11
Q

GH is used by athletes to

A

increase muscle (short half-life)

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12
Q

carbohydrate metabolism (GH)

A

anti-insulin effects
decrease glucose uptake into cells - increase blood glucose

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13
Q

lipid metabolism (GH)

A

increase lipolysis (fat breakdown) - increase free fatty acids

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14
Q

treatment of growth hormone deficiency in children

A

give growth hormone injection

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15
Q

high growth hormone in adults

A

increase growth of bone where the growth plate does not close off - bones in the face - problem if you take growth hormone to increase muscle

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16
Q

prolactin

A

stimulates breat development and milk production

17
Q

what stimulates prolactin release

A

TRH, estrogen

18
Q

what inhibits prolactin

A

dopamine

19
Q

what inhibts milk production

A

estrogen and progesterone

20
Q

what hormones are released from anterior pituitary

A

prolactin, TSH, GH, FSH, LH, ACTH

21
Q

posterior pituitary release

A

ADH and oxytocin

22
Q

oxytocin is made in the _ and released in the _

A

hypothalamus, posterior pituitary

23
Q

what stimulates oxytocin release

A

suckling of a nursing infant
cervical dilation

24
Q

effects of oxytocin

A

release of milk
birth (parturition)

25
Q

effects of oxytocin

A

release of milk
birth (parturition)

26
Q

ADH is made in the _ and released in the _

A

hypothalamus, posterior pituitary

27
Q

what stimulates ADH release

A

increased osmolarity of extracellular fuild
decreased blood volume

Physiology Exam 4 (10 decks)

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