Throat Pathology Flashcards
What are laryngeal nodules & polyps
Non-inflammatory response to laryngeal injury usually caused by vocal cord abuse and irritation
laryngeal nodules and polyps aetiology
Vocal abuse, infection, and smoking can all damage the mucosa of the larynx leading to the formation of polyps
laryngeal nodules vs polyps
- Nodules - most often seen in young women, located bilaterally on middle 1/3 to posterior 1/3 on the vocal cord
- Polyps - unilateral and pedunculated
laryngeal nodules and polyps clinical features
- Voice changes - hoarseness, raspy voice
- Pain
- Frequent coughing/throat clearing
Laryngeal vs nasal polyp
Laryngeal - throat & non-inflammatory
Nasal - throat & inflammatory
laryngeal nodules and polyps diagnosis
Biopsy
laryngeal nodules and polyps histological features
- Stratified squamous epithelium
- Stroma oedematous/fibrous/myxoid
laryngeal nodules and polyps management
- Voice therapy
- Some cases require surgery to remove the growths
What type of tissue does squamous cell papilloma arise from
stratified squamous epithelium
What age range is typically affected by squamous cell papilloma
Two peaks of incidence - <5 years and between 20-40 years
What virus is associated with squamous cell papilloma
HPV-6 & HPV-11
Squamous cell papilloma in children is usually __________ and in adults is usually ________
Children - aggressive
Adults solitary
Where in the oral cavity does squamous cell papilloma most commonly affect
mucosa of the hard and soft palate
Is a squamous cell papilloma painful
No - it is a painless lesion
What does a squamous cell papilloma look like
exophytic, sessile or pedunculated mass
What does a squamous cell papilloma look like histologically
finger-like projection, fibrovascular core covered by stratified squamous epithelium
Squamous cell papilloma treatment
- Most cases require no treatment
- When treatment required, options include cryotherapy, topical salicylic acid and surgical excision
