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Head and Neck > Throat Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Throat Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the 2 parts of the oral cavity?

A

Oral vestibule

Oral cavity proper

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2
Q

What are the boundaries of the oral cavity?

A

Lips to palatoglossal arch
Palate to floor of mouth
Buccal mucosa

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3
Q

What pierces the buccinator muscle?

A

Parotid duct

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4
Q

What 4 muscles are involved in mastication?

A

Lateral pterygoid
Medial pterygoid
Temporalis
Masseter

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5
Q

What are the boundaries of the oropharynx?

A

Lower border of soft palate to upper margin of epiglottis
Palatoglossal arch to posterior pharyngeal wall
Laterally by faucial pillars and tonsils

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6
Q

What type of epithelium lines the oropharynx?

A

Stratified, non keratinised squamous

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7
Q

What nerves supply the oropharynx?

A

Pharyngeal plexus CN IX and X

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8
Q

How do you test the 9th cranial nerve?

A

Ask patient to say ‘ah’

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9
Q

How do you test the 10th cranial nerve?

A

Aak the patient to say ‘ee’

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10
Q

What are the functions of the oral cavity?

A 
Taste 
Mastication 
Speech 
Digestion 
Swallowing
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11
Q

What part of the tongue does not contain any taste buds?

A

Filliform papillae

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12
Q

What types of muscles make up the tongue?

A 
Intrinsic muscles (alter shape) 
Extrinsic muscles (alter position)
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13
Q

What structure closes off the nasopharynx during swallowing?

A

Soft palate

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14
Q

What closes off the trachea during swallowing?

A

Epiglottis

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15
Q

What is the blood supply to the hypopharynx?

A

Superior thyroid artery
Lingual artery
Ascending pharyngeal artery

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16
Q

What is the nerve supply of the hypopharynx?

A

Pharyngeal plexus (CN IX and X)

17
Q

What are the 3 subsites of the hypopharynx?

A

Pryiform sinus
Post cricoid area
Posterior pharyngeal wall

18
Q

What are the 3 phases of swallowing?

A

Oral phase
Pharyngeal phase
Oesophageal phase

19
Q

What is the function of the larynx?

A

Voice

Swallowing

20
Q

What are the 3 parts of the larynx?

A

Supraglottis
Glottis
Subglottis

21
Q

What are the paired arytenoid cartilages?

A

Corniculate

Cuneiform

22
Q

What is the motor innervation of the larynx?

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Cricothyroid muscle supplied by external laryngeal nerve

23
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the larynx?

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Supraglottic supplied by internal laryngeal nerve

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