Thought Disorders Flashcards
Hypotheses for development of schizophrenia:
- Schizophrenogenic mother
- Dopamine pathway
- Glutamate pathway
- Prenatal/perinatal injury
- Neural migration abnormalities
Definition of a thought disorder/psychotic disorder:
- Disorganized thoughts
- Hallucinations or delusions
- Loss of self, physical and mental boundaries
- Gross impairment of reality testing
Who develops schizophrenia more? Men or women?
Develop it equally
To be diagnosed with schizophrenia, you must have at least two of the following symptoms for at least one month, with at least one of the symptoms being in the top three.
- Hallucinations
- Bizarre delusions
- Disorganized speech
- Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
- Negative symptoms (flat/inappropriate affect, alogia, avolition)
What are the three exclusion criteria from schizophrenia?
- No mood symptoms that predominate
- No medical causes (thyroid issues for example)
- Not induced by a substance
What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia? (symptoms that are added on to normal behavior of individual)
Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized behavior
What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia? (symptoms that are removed from normal behavior of individual)
- Isolation
- Withdrawal
- Poor hygiene
- Flat affect
- Lack of initiative
- Lack of interest
- Lack of energy
How long must you have symptoms to have a diagnosis of schizophrenia?
At least 6 months
Which schizophrenia subtype?
Preoccupation w/ one or more delusions or frequent auditory hallucinations
Paranoid schizophrenia
Which schizophrenia subtype has best prognosis?
Paranoid schizophrenia
Which schizophrenia subtype?
Motoric immobility (catalepsy or stupor), extreme negativism, echopraxia
Catatonic schizophrenia
Which schizophrenia subtype still exists in DSM-V?
Catatonic
Which schizophrenia subtype?
Absence of prominent delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and grossly catatonic behavior, but there is continuing disturbance as indicated by negative symptoms in attenuated form
Residual schizophrenia
What medications can cause thought disorder symptoms?
Steroids, interferons, anticholinergics
What neurotransmitter is most associated with hallucinations?
Dopamine
What substances can cause psychotic disorders during withdrawal?
Alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics, anxiolytics
How does schizophreniform disorder differ from shizophrenia?
- Total duration: @ least 1 month, < 6 mths
- Impaired social/occupational functioning not required
Sudden onset of delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, catatonic behavior that lasts @ least one day, but < 1 month w/ eventual return to baseline
Brief psychotic disorder
One or more non-bizarre delusions that persist for @ least 1 month
Delusional disorder
What defines non-bizarre delusions?
Situations that could occur in real life
Ex: being followed, poisoned, infected, loved at a distance (erotomanic), deceived by a spouse, having a disease
What fraction of schizophreniform patients return to baseline?
1/3
the other 2/3 are diagnosed w/ schizophrenia
What fraction of schizophrenic patients return to baseline?
0% - they go into residual schizophrenia instead
Disorder with major mood symptoms (depressed or manic) w/ concurrent psychotic symptoms
Period of illness in which delusions are present for @ least 2 weeks in absence of prominent mood symptoms (DSM IV)
Schizoaffective disorder
Folie a Deux
Shared psychotic disorder - two people share a delusion
