Terminology

Question 1

What are the biological factors in the biopsychosocial model?

Answer 1

• Genetics
• Substances
• Illnesses/Injuries

Question 2

What are the psychological factors in the biopsychosocial model?

Answer 2

• Developmental Experiences
• Early relationship patterns
• Current relationship patterns
• Defense mechanisms

Question 3

What are the social factors in the biopsychosocial model?

Answer 3

• Current life experiences and stressors
• Cultural factors
• Religious/spiritual factors

Question 4

What three things are included in a general description of patients?

Answer 4

A. Appearance
B. Behavior
C. Motor Activity

Question 5

Pathological imitation of movements of one person by another

Answer 5

Echopraxia

Question 6

general term for an immobile position that is constantly maintained

Answer 6

Catalepsy

Question 7

markedly slowed motor activity, often to a point of immobility and seeming unawareness of surroundings

Answer 7

Catatonic stupor

Question 8

condition of a person who can be molded into a position that is then maintained; when the examiner moves the person’s limb, the limb feels that it is made of wax

Answer 8

Waxy flexibility

Question 9

temporary loss of muscle tone and weakness precipitated by a variety of emotional states

Answer 9

Cataplexy

Question 10

repetitive fixed pattern of physical action or speech

Answer 10

Stereotypy

Question 11

excessive motor and cognitive over activity, usually nonproductive and in response to internal tension

Answer 11

Psychomotor agitation

Question 12

subjective feeling of muscular tension secondary to antipsychotic or other medication, which can cause restlessness, pacing, repeated sitting and standing; can be mistaken for agitation

Answer 12

Akathisia

Question 13

decreased motor and cognitive activity, visible slowing of thought, speech, and movement

Answer 13

Psychomotor retardation

Question 14

difficulty in performing voluntary movements, as in extrapyramidal disorders

Answer 14

Dyskinesia

Question 15

slowness of motor activity with a decrease in normal spontaneous movement

Answer 15

Bradykinesia

Question 16

random and involuntary quick, jerky, purposeless movements

Answer 16

Chorea

Question 17

slow, sustained contractions of the trunk or limbs; can be medication induced

Answer 17

Dystonia

Question 18

(mood swings) oscillations between euphoria, depression, or anxiety

Answer 18

Labile mood

Question 19

a person’s difficulty in describing or being aware of emotions or mood

Answer 19

Alexithymia

Question 20

Mood vs. Affect

Answer 20

Mood - a pervasive and sustained emotion, subjectively experienced and reported by the patient and observed by others; examples include depression, elation, anger

Affect - the observed expression of emotion, possibly inconsistent with the patient’s description of the emotion

Question 21

absence or near absence of any signs of affective expression; voice monotonous, face immobile

Answer 21

Flat affect

Question 22

rapid speech that is increased in amount and difficult to interrupt

Answer 22

Pressured speech

Question 23

false perception of orders that a person may feel obliged to obey or unable to resist (often dangerous)

Answer 23

Command hallucination

Question 24

indirect speech that is delayed in reaching the point but eventually gets from the original point to the desired goal; characterized by an over inclusion of details and parenthetical remarks

Answer 24

Circumstantiality

Question 25

inability to have goal directed associations of thought; speaker never gets from desired point to desired goal

Answer 25

Tangentiality

Question 26

persisting response to a previous stimulus after a new stimulus has been presented; often associated with cognitive disorders

Answer 26

Perseveration

Question 27

flow of thought in which ideas shift from one subject to another in a completely unrelated way; when severe, speech may be incoherent

Answer 27

Loosening of associations

Question 28

rapid, continuous verbalizations or plays on words produce constant shifting from one idea to another; ideas tend to be connected but too fast for the listener to comprehend

Answer 28

Flight of ideas

Question 29

a fixed false belief, based on incorrect inference about external reality, not consistent with the patient’s intelligence and cultural background, cannot be corrected by reasoning.

Answer 29

Delusion

Question 30

pathological persistence of an irresistible thought or feeling that cannot be eliminated from consciousness by logical effort, associated with anxiety

Answer 30

Obsession

Question 31

pathological need to act on an impulse that, if resisted, produces anxiety; repetitive behavior in response to an obsession or performed according to certain rules

Answer 31

Compulsion

Question 32

ability to appreciate nuances of meaning; multidimensional thinking with ability to use metaphors and hypotheses appropriately

Answer 32

Abstract thinking

Question 33

Pathological feeling of sadness

Answer 33

Depression

Question 34

condition in which the emotional tone is in harmony with the accompanying idea, thought, or speech; also further described as broad or full affect in which a full range of emotions is appropriately expressed

Answer 34

Appropriate affect

Question 35

disharmony between the emotional feeling tone and the idea, thought, or speech accompanying it

Answer 35

Inappropriate affect

Question 36

reduction in the intensity of externalized feeling tone

Answer 36

Restricted or constricted affect

Question 37

false sensory perception not associated with real external stimuli; there may or may not be a delusional interpretation of the hallucinatory experience

Answer 37

Hallucination

Question 38

hallucination in which the content is consistent with either a manic or depressed mood; e.g. the manic patient would hear voices saying the patient is of inflated worth, power, and knowledge

Answer 38

Mood congruent hallucination

Question 39

hallucination in which the content is not consistent with either a depressed or manic mood

Answer 39

Mood incongruent hallucination

Question 40

misperception or misinterpretation of real external sensory stimuli

Answer 40

Illusion

Question 41

defense mechanism involving the segregation of any group of mental or behavioral processes from the rest of the person’s psychic activity

Answer 41

Dissociation

Question 42

partial or total inability to recall past experiences; may be medical or emotional in origin

Answer 42

Amnesia

Question 43

amnesia for events occurring after a point in time

Answer 43

Anterograde

Question 44

amnesia for events occurring before a point in time

Answer 44

Retrograde