Thorax Topo

Question 1

Where can you find the cardiac dullness?
CA, EQ, RU

Relative dullness?

What is relative dullness?

Answer 1

CA - left 4-6, right 4-5
EQ - left 3-5, right 4-5
RU - only left, 3-4 ic space (since on right, heart of Ru. Covered by lungs)

Relative dullness?
1-2cm in small animals, 3-4cm in large.

Relative dullness:
Where the heart is partly covered by lungs, not in contact with thoracic wall

Question 2

What recess surrounds margo acutus of lungs?

Answer 2

Costodiaphragmatic

Question 3

What is the role of recesses?

Answer 3

Fluid traps.

Question 4

Which heart wall is more cranial?

Answer 4

Right wall

Question 5

Which heart sound is more cranial?

Answer 5

Pulmonary valve (3rd ic, sternum)

Question 6

Where is the oesophagus?

Answer 6

• Cervical part - dorsal to trachea in neck

- Thoracic part – Left

Question 7

PUNCTA MAXIMA
EQUINE:

Valve Left side
Pulmonary:
Aorta:
LAV:

Valve Right side
RAV:

Answer 7

Eq
Valve Left side 
Pulmonary Tr. 3 i.c. Distal third
Aorta 4 i.c. (5 cm below shoulder)
LAV 4-5 i.c. - Distal third

Valve Right side
RAV 3-4 i.c. - Distal portion

Question 8

PUNCTA MAXIMA
RUMINANT:

Valve Left side
Pulmonary:
Aorta:
LAV:

Valve Right side
RAV:

Answer 8

Ru
Valve Left side 
Pulmonary Tr. 2-3 i.c. - Distal third
Aorta 3-4 i.c.(2 cm below shoulder)
LAV 4 i.c - Distal third

Valve Right side
RAV 3 i.c. - Distal portion

Question 9

PUNCTA MAXIMA
CANINE:

Valve Left side
Pulmonary:
Aorta:
LAV:

Valve Right side
RAV:

Answer 9

Ca 
Valve Left side
Pulmonary Tr. 3 i.c. (above sternum)
Aorta 4 i.c. (shoulder level)
LAV 5 i.c. - Distal third

Valve Right side
RAV 4 i.c. - Distal portion

Question 10

LUNG BOARDERS
EQUINE:

of ribs:

List the 4 associated intercostal spaces with the caudal lung boarders, and what level they are at

Answer 10

Eq - 18 Ribs

1. 17th i.c. at the level of the Vertebral Column
2. 16th i.c. at the level of the Tuber Coxae
3. 14th i.c. at the level of the Tuber Ischiadicum
4. 9th i.c. at the level of the Shoulder Joint

Question 11

LUNG BOARDERS
CANINE:

of ribs:

List the 4 associated intercostal spaces with the caudal lung boarders, and what level they are at

Answer 11

Ca - 13 ribs

1. 12th i.c. at the level of the Vertebral Column
2. 11th i.c. at the level of the Tuber Coxae
3. 10th i.c. at the level of the Tuber Ischiadicum
4. 8th i.c. at the level of the Shoulder Joint

Question 12

LUNG BOARDERS
RUMINANT:

of ribs:

List the 4 associated intercostal spaces with the caudal lung boarders, and what level they are at

Answer 12

Ru - 13 ribs

1. 12th i.c. at the level of the Vertebral Column
2. 11th i.c. at the level of the Tuber Coxae
3. –N/A– at the level of the Tuber Ischiadicum
4. 8th i.c. at the level of the Shoulder Joint

N/A = non-applicable