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Gross Anatomy > Thorax Muscles > Flashcards

Thorax Muscles Flashcards

0
Q

External intercostal insertion (inferior attachment)

A

Superior border of ribs below

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1
Q

External intercostal origin (superior attachment)

A

Inferior border of ribs

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2
Q

External intercostal innervation

A

Intercostal nerve

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3
Q

External intercostal action

A

During forced inspiration: elevates ribs

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4
Q

Internal intercostal origin (superior attachment)

A

Inferior border of ribs

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5
Q

Internal intercostal insertion (inferior attachment)

A

Superior border of ribs below

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6
Q

Internal intercostal innervation

A

Intercostal nerve

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7
Q

Internal intercostal action

A

During forced respiration: interosseus part depresses ribs, interchondral part elevates ribs

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8
Q

Innermost intercostal origin (superior attachment)

A

Inferior border of ribs

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9
Q

Innermost intercostal insertion (inferior attachment)

A

Superior border of ribs below

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10
Q

Innermost intercostal innervation

A

Intercostal nerve

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11
Q

Innermost intercostal action

A

During forced respiration: interosseus part depresses ribs, interchondral part elevates ribs

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12
Q

Transversus thoracis origin (superior attachment)

A

Posterior surface of lower sternum

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13
Q

Transversus thoracis insertion (inferior attachment)

A

Internal surface of costal cartilages 2-6

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14
Q

Transversus thoracis innervation

A

Intercostal nerve

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15
Q

Transversus thoracis action

A

Weakly depresses ribs

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16
Q

External oblique origin

A

External surfaces of 5th-12th ribs

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17
Q

External oblique insertion

A

Linea alba, pubic tubercle, and anterior half of iliac crest

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18
Q

External oblique innervation

A

Thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T11) and subcostal nerve

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19
Q

External oblique action

A

Compresses and supports abdominal viscera; flexes and rotates trunk

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20
Q

Internal oblique origin

A

Thoracolumbar fascia, anterior two thirds of iliac crest, and connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament

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21
Q

Internal oblique insertion

A

Inferior borders of 10th-12th ribs, linea alba, and pubis via conjoint tendon

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22
Q

Internal oblique innervation

A

Thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T11), subcostal nerve and first lumbar nerve

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23
Q

Internal oblique action

A

Compresses and supports abdominal viscera; flexes and rotates trunk

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24
Transversus abdominis origin
Internal surfaces of 7th-12th costal cartilages, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament
25
Transversus abdominis insertion
Linea alba with aponeurosis of internal oblique, pubic crest, and pubis via conjoint tendon
26
Transversus abdominis innervation
Thoraco-abdominal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T11), subcostal nerve and first lumbar nerve
27
Transversus abdominis action
Compresses and supports abdominal viscera
28
Rectus abdominis origin
Pubic symphysis and pubic crest
29
Rectus abdominis insertion
Xiphoid process and 5th-7th costal cartilages
30
Rectus abdominis innervation
Thoraco-abdominal and subcostal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T12 spinal nerves)
31
Rectus abdominis action
Flexes trunk (lumbar vertebrae) and compresses abdominal viscera*; stabilizes and controls tilt of pelvis (antilordosis) *Acts as an antagonist to the diaphragm to produce expiration
32
Psoas major origin (superior attachment)
Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae; sides of bodies of T12-S1 vertebrae and intervening IV discs
33
Psoas major insertion (inferior attachment)
By a strong tendon to lesser trochanter of femur
34
Psoas major innervation
Lumbar plexus via anterior branches of nerves L2-L4
35
Psoas major action
Acting inferiorly with iliacus: flexes thigh Acting superiorly with iliacus: flexes vertebral column laterally to balance the trunk When sitting, acts inferiorly with iliacus to flex trunk
36
Iliacus origin (superior attachment)
Superior two thirds of iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, and anterior sacro-iliac ligaments
37
Iliacus insertion (inferior attachment)
Lesser trochanter of femur and shaft inferior to it and to psoas major tendon
38
Iliacus innervation
Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
39
Iliacus action
Flexes thigh and stabilizes hip joint; acts with psoas major (iliopsoas)
40
Quadratus lumborum origin (superior attachment)
Medial half of inferior border of 12th rib and tips of lumbar transverse processes
41
Quadratus lumborum insertion (inferior attachment)
Iliolumbar ligament and internal lip of iliac crest
42
Quadratus lumborum innervation
Anterior branches of T12 and L1-L4 nerves
43
Quadratus lumborum action
Extends and laterally flexes vertebral column; fixes 12th rib during inspiration
44
Levator ani (pubococcygeus/iliococcygeus) [pelvic diaphragm] origin (proximal attachment)
Body of pubis, tendinous arch of levator ani, ischial spine
45
Levator ani (pubococcygeus/iliococcygeus) [pelvis diaphragm] insertion (distal attachment)
Perineal body, coccyx, anococcygeal ligament, walls of prostate or vagina, rectum, anal canal
46
Levator ani (pubococcygeus/iliococcygeus) [pelvis diaphragm] innervation
Nerve to levator ani (branches of S4), inferior anal/rectal nerve, coccygeal plexus
47
Levator ani (pubococcygeus/iliococcygeus) [pelvis diaphragm] action
Helps support pelvic viscera, resists increases in intra-abdominal pressure
48
Coccygeus (ischiococcygeus) [pelvic diaphragm] origin (proximal attachment)
Ischial spine
49
Coccygeus (ischiococcygeus) [pelvic diaphragm] insertion (distal attachment)
Inferior end of sacrum and coccyx
50
Coccygeus (ischiococcygeus) [pelvic diaphragm] innervation
Branches of S4 and S5 nerves
51
Coccygeus (ischiococcygeus) [pelvic diaphragm] action
Forms small part of pelvic diaphragm that supports pelvic viscera; flexes coccyx
52
Piriformis origin (proximal attachment)
Pelvic surface of 2nd-4th sacral segments; superior margin of greater sciatic notch and sacrotuberous ligament
53
Piriformis insertion (distal attachment)
Greater trochanter of femur
54
Piriformis innervation
Anterior rami of S1 and S2
55
Piriformis action
Laterally rotates hip joint; abducts hip joint; assists in holding head of femur in acetabulum
56
Obturator internus origin (proximal attachment)
Pelvic surface of ilium and ischium; obturator membrane
57
Obturator internus insertion (distal attachment)
Greater trochanter of femur
58
Obturator internus innervation
Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2)
59
Obturator internus action
Laterally rotates hip joint; assists in holding head of femur in acetabulum
60
Ischiocavernosus origin
Internal surfaces of ischiopubic ramus and ischial tuberosity
61
Ischiocavernosus course and insertion
Embraces crus of penis or clitoris, inserting onto inferior and medial aspects of crus and to perineal membrane medial to crus
62
Ischiocavernosus innervation
Muscular (deep) branch of perineal nerve, branch of pudendal nerve
63
Ischiocavernosus action
Maintains erection of penis or clitoris by compressing outflow veins and pushing blood from root of penis or clitoris into body
64
Bulbospongiosus origin
Male: median raphe on ventral surface of bulb of penis and perineal body Female: perineal body
65
Bulbospongiosus course and insertion
Male: surrounds lateral aspects of bulb of penis and most proximal part of body of penis, inserting into perineal membrane, dorsal aspect of corpora spongiosum and cavernosa, and fascia of bulb of penis Female: passes on each side of lower vagina, enclosing bulb and greater vestibular gland; inserts onto pubic arch and fascia of corpora cavernosa of clitoris
66
Bulbospongiosus innervation
Muscular (deep) branch of perineal nerve, branch of pudendal nerve (S2-S4)
67
Bulbospongiosus action
Supports and fixes perineal body/pelvic floor Male: compresses bulb of penis to expel last drops of urine/semen; assists erection by compressing outflow via deep perineal vein and by pushing blood from bulb into body of penis Female: "sphincter" of vagina; assists in erection of clitoris (and bulb of vestibule); compresses greater vestibular gland
68
Superficial transverse perineal body origin
Internal surface of ischiopubic ramus and ischial tuberosity; compressor urethrae portion only
69
Superficial transverse perineal body course and insertion
Passes along superior posterior border of perineal membrane to perineal body
70
Superficial transverse perineal body innervation
Muscular (deep) branch of perineal nerve, branch of pudendal nerve (S2-S4); dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris, terminal branch of pudendal nerve (S2-S4)
71
Superficial transverse perineal body action
Supports and fixes perineal body (pelvic floor) to support abdominopelvic viscera and resists increased intra-abdominal pressure
72
External anal sphincter origin
Skin and fascia surrounding anus and coccyx via anococcygeal ligament
73
External anal sphincter course and insertion
Passes around lateral aspects of anal canal, inserting into perineal body
74
External anal sphincter innervation
Inferior anal nerve, branch of pudendal nerve (S2-S4)
75
External anal sphincter action
Constricts anal canal during peristalsis, resisting defecation; supports and fixes perineal body/pelvic floor

Gross Anatomy (6 decks)

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