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Gross Anatomy > Head and Anterior Neck Muscles > Flashcards

Head and Anterior Neck Muscles Flashcards

0
Q

Sternocleidomastoid insertion

A

Sternal head: anterior surface of manubrium of sternum

Clavicular head: superior surface of medial third of calvicle

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1
Q

Sternocleidomastoid origin

A

Lateral surface of mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of superior nuchal line

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2
Q

Sternocleidomastoid innervation

A

Spinal accessory nerve XI, C2 and C3

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3
Q

Sternocleidomastoid action

A

Unilaterally tilts head to same side and rotates face turned superiorly toward opposite side
Bilaterally extends neck, extends superior cervical vertebrae and flexes inferior cervical vertebrae (to thrust chin)

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4
Q

Platysma origin

A

Inferior border of mandible, skin, and subcutaneous tissues of lower face

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5
Q

Platysma insertion

A

Fascia covering superior parts of pectoralis major and deltoid muscles

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6
Q

Platysma innevation

A

Cervical branch of facial nerve VII

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7
Q

Platysma action

A

Draws corners of mouth inferiorly and widens it as in expressions of sadness and fright; draws skin of neck superior when teeth are clenched, indicating tension

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8
Q

Sternohyoid origin

A

Manubrium of sternum and medial end of clavicle

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9
Q

Sternohyoid insertion

A

Body of hyoid

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10
Q

Sternohyoid innervation

A

C1-C3 by a branch of ansa cervicalis

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11
Q

Sternohyoid action

A

Depresses hyoid after elevation during swallowing

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12
Q

Sternothyroid origin

A

Posterior surface of manubrium of sternum

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13
Q

Sternothyroid insertion

A

Oblique line of thyroid cartilage

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14
Q

Sternothyroid innervation

A

C2 and C3 by a branch of ansa cervicalis

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15
Q

Sternothyroid action

A

Depresses hyoid and larynx

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16
Q

Omohyoid origin

A

Superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch

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17
Q

Omohyoid insertion

A

Inferior border of hyoid

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18
Q

Omohyoid innervation

A

C1-C3 by a branch of ansa cervicalis

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19
Q

Omohyoid action

A

Depresses, retracts, and steadies hyoid

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20
Q

Thyrohyoid origin

A

Oblique line of thyroid cartilage

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21
Q

Thyrohyoid insertion

A

Inferior border of body and greater horn of hyoid

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22
Q

Thyrohyoid innervation

A

C1 via hypoglossal nerve

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23
Q

Thyrohyoid action

A

Depresses hyoid and elevates larynx

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24
Digastric origin
Anterior belly: digastric fossa of mandible | Posterior belly: mastoid notch of temporal bone
25
Digastric insertion
Intermediate tendon to body and greater horn of hyoid
26
Digastric innervation
Anterior belly: nerve to mylohyoid, a branch of inferior alveolar nerve Posterior belly: digastric branch of fascial nerve VII
27
Digastric action
Working with infrahyoid muscles, depreses mandible against resistance; elevates and steadies hyoid during swallowing and speaking
28
Stylohyoid origin
Styloid process of temporal bone
29
Stylohyoid insertion
Body of hyoid
30
Stylohyoid innervation
Stylohyoid branch of fascial nerve VII
31
Stylohyoid action
Elevates and retracts hyoid, thus elongating floor of mouth
32
Mylohyoid origin
Mylohyoid line of mandible
33
Mylohyoid insertion
Mylohyoid raphe and body of hyoid
34
Mylohyoid innervation
Nerve to mylohyoid, a branch of inferior alveolar nerve
35
Mylohyoid action
Elevates hyoid, floor of moutht, and tongue during swallowing and speaking
36
Geniohyoid origin
Inferior mental spine of mandible
37
Geniohyoid insertion
Body of hyoid
38
Geniohyoid innervation
C1 via hypoglossal nerve XII
39
Geniohyoid action
Pulls hyoid anterosuperiorly; shortens floor of mouth; widens pharynx
40
Buccinator origin
Mandible, alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible, pterygomandibular raphe
41
Buccinator insertion
Angle of mouth (modiolus); orbicularis oris
42
Buccinator action
Presses cheek against molar teeth; works with tongue to keep food between occlusal surfaces and out of oral vestibule; resists distension when blowing
43
Occipitofrontalis origins
Frontal belly - epicranial aponeurosis | Occipital belly - Lateral 2/3 of superior nuchal line
44
Occipitofrontalis insertions
Frontal belly - Skin and subcutaneous tissue of eyebrows and forehead Occipital belly - Epicranial aponeurosis
45
Occipitofrontalis actions
Frontal belly - Elevates eyebrows and wrinkles skin of forehead, protracts scalp (indicating surprise or curiosity) Occipital belly - retracts scalp, increasing effectiveness of frontal belly
46
Orbicularis oculi origin
Medial orbital margin; medial palppebral ligament; lacrimal bone
47
Orbicularis oculi insertion
Skin around margin of orbit; superior and inferior tarsi (tarsal plates)
48
Orbicularis oculi action
Closes eyelids: palpebral part gently, orbital part tightly (winking)
49
Orbicularis oris origin
Medial maxilla and mandible; deep surface of peri-oral skin; angle of mouth
50
Orbicularis oris insertion
Mucous membrane of lips
51
Orbicularis oris action
Tonus closes mouth; phasic contraction compresses and protrudes lip (kissing) or resists distention when blowing
52
Masseter origin
Quadrate muscle attaching to inferior border and medial surface of maxillary process of zygomatic bone and the zygomatic arch
53
Masseter insertion
Angle and lateral surface of ramus of mandible
54
Masseter innervation
Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve, via masseteric nerve
55
Masseter action
Elevates mandible; superficial fibers make limited contribution to protrusion of mandibule
56
Temporalis origin
Triangular muscle with broad attachment to floor of temporal fossa and deep surface of temporalis fascia
57
Temporalis insertion
Narrow attachment to tip and medial surface of coronoid process and anterior border of ramus of mandible
58
Temporalis innervation
Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve via deep temporal nerves
59
Temporalis action
Elevates mandible, closing jaws; posterior, more horizontal fibers are retractors of mandible
60
Medial pterygoid origin
Quadrangular two-headed muscle from medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate and pyramidal process of palatine bone (1) and tuberosity of maxilla (2)
61
Medial pterygoid insertion
Medial surface of ramus of mandible, inferior to mandibular foramen (a "mirror image" of the masseter, both flanking the ramus of the mandible)
62
Medial pterygoid innervation
Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve, via nerve to medial pterygoid
63
Medial pterygoid action
Acts synergistically with masseter to elevate mandible; contributes to protrustion; unilateral activity produces smaller grinding movements
64
Lateral pterygoid origin
Triangular two-headed muscle from infratemporal surface and crest of greater wing of sphenoid (1) and lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate (2)
65
Lateral pterygoid insertion
Superior head attaches primarily to joint capsule and articular disc of TMJ Inferior head attaches primarily to pterygoid fovea on ateromedial aspect of neck of condyloid process of mandible
66
Lateral pterygoid innervation
Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve, via nerves to lateral pterygoid
67
Lateral pterygoid action
Acting bilaterally, protracts mandible and depresses chin; acting unilaterally, swings jaw toward contralateral side; alternate unilateral contraction produces larger lateral chewing movements
68
Levator palpebrae superioris origin
Lesser wing of sphenoid bone, superior and anterior to optic canal
69
Levator palpebrae superioris insertion
Superior tarsus and skin of superior eyelid
70
Levator palpebrae superioris innervation
Oculomotor nerve III; deep layer supplied by sympathetic fibers
71
Levator palpebrae superioris action
Elevates superior eyelids
72
Superior oblique origin
Body of sphenoid bone
73
Superior oblique insertion
Tendon passes through trochlea to insert into sclera, deep to superior rectus
74
Superior oblique innervation
Trochlear nerve IV
75
Superior oblique action
Abducts, depresses, and rotates eyeball medially [intorsion]
76
Inferior oblique origin
Anterior part of floor of orbit
77
Inferior oblique insertion
Sclera deep to lateral rectus muscles
78
Inferior oblique innervation
Trochlear nerve IV
79
Inferior oblique action
Abducts, elevates, and rotates eyeball laterally [extorsion]
80
Superior rectus origin
Common tendinous ring
81
Superior rectus insertion
Sclera just posterior to corneoscleral junction
82
Superior rectus innervation
Oculomotor nerve III
83
Superior rectus action
Elevates, adducts, and rotates eyeball medially [intorsion]
84
Inferior rectus origin
Common tendinous ring
85
Inferior rectus insertion
Sclera just posterior to corneoscleral junction
86
Inferior rectus innervation
Oculomotor nerve III
87
Inferior rectus action
Depresses, adducts, and rotates eyeball laterally [extorsion]
88
Medial rectus origin
Common tendinous ring
89
Medial rectus insertion
Sclera just posterior to corneoscleral junction
90
Medial rectus innevation
Oculomotor nerve III
91
Medial rectus action
Adducts eyeball
92
Lateral rectus origin
Common tendinous ring
93
Lateral rectus insertion
Sclera just posterior to corneoscleral junction
94
Lateral rectus innervation
Abducent nerve VI
95
Lateral rectus action
Abducts eyeball

Gross Anatomy (6 decks)

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