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Anatomy 1 > Thorax greater vessels and nerves > Flashcards

Thorax greater vessels and nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three parts of the aorta?

A

1: ascending aorta
2: aortic arch
3: descending aorta

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2
Q

The ascending aorta has two branches. What are they and what do they do?

A

1: left coronary artery
2: Right coronary artery
Provide blood supply to the heart

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3
Q

What are the two branches of the aortic arch?

A

1: Brachiocephalic trunk
2: Left subclavian artery

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4
Q

What are the three branches of the brachiocephalic trunk? What do they supply blood to?

A

-Left common carotid artery
-Right common carotid artery
These supply blood to the head, face, and brane
-Right subclavian artery
Supplies blood to the neck, thoracic limb, and cranial portion of the thoracic wall

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5
Q

What are the four branches of the right and left subclavian arteries? After the last branch, what does it continue as?

A

1: vertebral artery
2: Superficial cervical artery
3: Costocervical trunk
4: Internal thoracic
- Axillary artery

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6
Q

The vertebral artery ascends in the ____ ____ of the __-__ cervical vertebrae. It supplies blood to the ____ muscles and ___ ____.

A
  • Cervical muscles

- Spinal cord

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7
Q

The costocervical trunk bifurcates into two arteries. What are they? What does each supply?

A
  1. Deep cervical artery supplying the 1-3 dorsal intercostal arteries
  2. Dorsal scapular artery
    Both supply the 1-3 intercostal spaces, muscles at the base of the neck, muscles dorsal to the first few thoracic vertebrae
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8
Q

The internal thoracic artery gives off ____ ____ arteries. What does this supply blood to?

A
  • Ventral intercostal arteries

- ventral structures of the intercostal spaces

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9
Q

The ____ arterial supply is from the internal thoracic artery.

A

-Ventral

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10
Q

The _____ _____ artery supplies the base of the neck and scapular region with blood.

A

Superficial cervical

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11
Q

The ____ artery is the continuation of the subclavian artery after its last branch which I the superficial cervical artery. This artery supplies the ___ ___.

A
  • Axillary

- Thoracic limb

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12
Q

What does the descending aorta branch into?

A

1: Dorsal intercostal arteries
2: bronchoesophageal artery

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13
Q

The bronchoesophageal artery branches from what?

A

The right and left 5th intercostal arteries.

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14
Q

What are the three sources of arterial supply to the thoracic wall?

A
  1. Dorsal aorta
  2. Costocervical trunk
  3. Internal thoracic artery
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15
Q

The ligaments arteriosum is between the ____ ____ and ____. It is a ____ connection. It is remnant of the fetal ____ _____.

A
  • pulmonary trunk
  • aorta
  • Ductus arteriosus
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16
Q

What did the fetal ductus arteriosus do? What is the clinical relevance of the ligaments arteriosum?

A
  • It shunted blood away from the lungs and closed at one week of age
  • Patent ductus arteriosus is failure of the ductus arteriosus to close
17
Q

What veins return blood to the heart?

A
  • Caudal vena cava
  • Cranial vena cava
  • Azygos vein
18
Q

Where does the caudal vena cava receive blood from?

A

The abdomen, pelvis, and pelvic limb

19
Q

Where does the azygos vein receive blood from?

A

Dorsal intercostal veins

20
Q

Where does the cranial vena cava receive blood from?

A

-Costocervical veins, internal thoracic vein, and the right and left brachiocephalic veins

21
Q

Where do the right and left brachiocephalic veins receive blood from?

A

Subclavian veins, internal jugular vein, external jugular vein

22
Q

What comprises the blood supply to the heart?

A

Left and right coronary arteries

23
Q

What are the two branches of the left coronary artery? Where are they located?

A
  1. Circumflex branch- in coronary groove, caudal to the coronary sinus
  2. Paraconal interventricular branch- in paraconal groove
24
Q

What does the right coronary artery supply?

A

The bulk of the right ventricle, right auricle, and a small part of the right atrium

25
Q

What are the veins of the heart?

A
  1. coronary sinus

2. Great cardiac vein

26
Q

The coronary sinus is a ___ of the heart. It is located in the ____ ____, and is a dilated terminal end of the ____ ____ vein. It is ventral to the ____ ____ _____ and dorsal to the _____ _____.

A
  • Vein
  • Coronary groove
  • Great cardiac
  • caudal vena cava
  • circumflex branch
27
Q

What are the two parts of the nervous system and what structures are in each?

A
  1. Central Nervous system: brain and spinal cord

2. Peripheral nervous system : cranial nerves and spinal nerves

28
Q

Nerves of the thoracic wall innervate what?

A

Skeletal muscle

29
Q

What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

A

1: sympathetic division or thoracolumbar portion

2. Parasympathetic division or craniosacral portion

30
Q

The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system uses _____ as a neurotransmitter. What is its purpose/function? What response is it a part of?

A
  • Norepinephrine
  • Associated with conditions of stress
  • Fight or flight response
31
Q

The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system functions in what? What are the six structures that make it up?

A
  • Homeostasis
    1. Sympathetic trunk and ganglion
    2. cervicothoracic ganglion
    3. Vertebral nerve
    4. Middle cervical ganglion
    5. Ansa succlavia
    6. Cardiac nerves
32
Q

The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system uses ____ as a neurotransmitter.

A

-acetylcholine

33
Q

What are the four cranial nerves that make up the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

A
  1. Oculomoter nerve
  2. Facial nerve
  3. Glossopharyngeal nerve
  4. Vagus nerve
34
Q

What are the six non-cranial nerves that make up the parasympathetic division of the nervous system

A
  1. Vagus nerve
  2. Recurrent laryngeal nerve
  3. Vagosympathetic trunk
  4. Dorsal vagal trunk
  5. Ventral vagal trunk
  6. cardiac nerves
35
Q

The ____ _____ is part of both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems.

A

vagosympathetic trunk

36
Q

The vagus nerve splits into what? What do these create?

A
  • dorsal and ventral branches
  • Dorsal vagal trunk arises from the right and left dorsal branches
  • Ventral vagal trunk arises from left and right ventral branches

Anatomy 1 (11 decks)

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