thorax and lungs

Question 1

location

Answer 1

apex at top
base at bottom
3 right lobes 2 left lobes
listen from apex to base

Question 2

AP<T diameter

Answer 2

Normal: 1:2
Barrel chest: 1:1(lungs chronically overfilled)

Question 3

Signs of distress

Answer 3

tripod
retractions
pursed lip breathing
Nasal flaring

Question 4

Normal breath sounds
Bronchial
Bronchovesicular
Vesicular

Answer 4

Bronchial: loud, tracheal

Bronchovesicular: moderate, major bronchi

Vesicular: soft, over most lung fields

Question 5

Crackles

Answer 5

Fine: soft, high pitched on inspiration, air collides with collapsed airway

Course: loud, low pitch, inspiration and expiration

Question 6

Wheeze

Answer 6

Airway narrowing
Asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, on expiration

Question 7

Rhonchi

Answer 7

Low pitching wheeze, snoring/gurgling

COPD, Pneumonia

Question 8

Pleural friction rub

Answer 8

Grating sound
Hold breath to see if its cardiac

Question 9

Stridor

Answer 9

High harsh, crowing, inspiration

Croup, epiglottisis

Question 10

Crepitus

Answer 10

Rib fracture
Wound sites
Chest tubes

Question 11

Thoracic expansion

Answer 11

Should be symmetrical
At xyphoid process anterior
10th rib posteriorly
Hold and have them breath in

Question 12

Dyspnea

Answer 12

SOB, difficulty breathing

Question 13

Orthopnea

Answer 13

Difficulty breathing while laying down

Question 14

Paroxysma noctural dyspnea

Answer 14

Sleep 1-2 hours have SOB and wake up

Question 15

Pack years

Answer 15

of years smoked x # packs a day