Thorax

Question 0

Level of angle of Louie

Answer 0

T4-T5

Question 1

Shape of the sternum

Answer 1

Flat

Question 2

T4

Answer 2

Angle of Louie
Bifurcation of trachea
Arch of aorta begins and ends
Azygous v drains to SVC

Question 3

False ribs

Answer 3

8-12

11-12 floating

Question 4

Typical rib (head, neck, tubercle, shaft)

Answer 4

3-9

Question 5

Atypical ribs

Answer 5

1- most curved, scalene tubercle
2- tuberosity for serratus ant
10- articulates with T10 only
11-12- no neck or tubercle

Question 6

Weakest point of the rib

Answer 6

Angle of the rib–> pneumothorax

Question 7

Most commonly fractured

Answer 7

7-10

Question 8

Costal margin

Answer 8

Medial border of rib 7-10

Question 9

Boundaries of the thoracic outlet/”inlet” or superior thoracic aperture

Answer 9

Post: T1
Lat: first rib
Ant: manubrium sterni

Question 10

Inferior thoracic aperture

Answer 10

Post: T12
Post.Lat: R11-12
Ant.Lat: costal margin
Ant: xiphisternal joint

Question 11

Thoracic outlet syndrome

Answer 11

(Brachial plexus, subclavian artery–>compression)

Pain down forearm and hand, wasting of hand muscle

Question 12

Musc that depresses the rib

Answer 12

Serratus post inf
Internal intercostal
Transv thoracis

Question 13

Borders of the mediastinum

Answer 13

Sup: thoracic inlet
Inf: diaphragm
Ant: sternum and costal cartilages; xiphisternal joint at T9
Post: bodies of T12
Middle: heart and great blood vessels

Question 14

Pericardium

Answer 14

T3-T5

Cost cart 2-6

Question 15

Pericardiocentesis

Answer 15

Skin–>fascia–>Rectus sheath–>Rectus abdominis–>fibrous layer–>serous layer of parietal pericardium