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ANATOMY > Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Lower Extremity Flashcards

0
Q

Strongest muscle of the thigh/action

A

Iliopsoas (iliacus and major psoas)/powerful flexor of the thigh at hip joint

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1
Q

Compartments of the thigh

A

Anterior, medial, lateral

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2
Q

Quadriceps femoris

A

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius

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3
Q

Component of quadriceps femoris that both flexes the thigh at hip joint and extends the knee at knee joint

A

Rectus femoris

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4
Q

Originates from the ASIS

A

Sartorius and tensor fascia lata

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5
Q

Originates from AIIS

A

Rectus femoris

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6
Q

Inserts to the lesser trochanter of femur

A

Iliacus and psoas

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7
Q

Common insertion of quadriceps femoris

A

Patellar tendon

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8
Q

Innervation of anterior compartment of the thigh

A

Femoral n.

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9
Q

Innervation of medial compartment of medial thigh

A

Obturator n.

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10
Q

Medial muscles of the thigh

A

Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor Magnus
Gracilis

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11
Q

Adductor muscles of the thigh commonly inserts at______

A

Linea aspera of femur

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12
Q

Insertion of the hamstring part of adductor magnus

A

Adductor tubercle of femur

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13
Q

Innervation of the posterior thigh muscles

A

Sciatic

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14
Q

Extensors at hip joint

Flexors at knee joint

A

Posterior thigh muscles
Semitendinusos
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris (long head-tibia, short head-common peroneal)

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15
Q

Origin of hamstrings

A

Ischial tuberosity

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16
Q

Contents of femoral triangle

A

lateral to medial

Nerve, femoral sheath, artery, vein

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17
Q

Contents of femoral sheath

A 
NAVEL
Nerve
Artery
Vein
Empty space
Lymphatics
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18
Q

Location of hernial sac

A

Below and lateral to pubic tubercle

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19
Q

Adductor canal or Hunter’s canal

A

Anterior: sartorius
Lateral: Vastus medialis
Posterior and medial: adductor longus/magnus

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20
Q

Contents of hunter’s canal

A

Femoral artery/vein
Saphenous nerve
Nerve to Vastus medialis

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21
Q

Common origin of gluteal muscles

A

Outer surface of ilium

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22
Q

All gluteal muscles inserts at greater trochanter of femur except ____

A

Gluteus Maximus- gluteal tuberosity, iliotibial tract

Quadratus femoris - quadrate tubercle

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23
Q

Abduction of the thigh

A

Gluteus minimums and medius

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24
Q

Lateral rotation of the thigh

A

Piriformis

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25
Q

Waddling gait

A

Weakness of gluteus minimus and medius

Superior gluteal nerve

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26
Q

Roots of femoral and obturator nerve

A

L2, L3, L4

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27
Q

Lumbar plexus

A

L1-L4

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28
Q

Sacral plexus

A

L4 and L5, S1-S4

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29
Q

Roots of sciatic nerve

A

L4, L5, S1, S2, S3

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30
Q

Supplies gluteus minimus and medius

A

Superior gluteal (L4, L5, S1)

31
Q

Innervates gluteus Maximus

A

Inferior gluteal n. (L5, S1, S2)

32
Q

Pudendal nerve supplies ___

A

Perineum

S2, S3, S4

33
Q

Difficulty in “climbing the stairs”

A

Inferior gluteal n.

34
Q

Weakness in the ability to flex the thigh and hip

A

Femoral nerve lesion

35
Q

Saphenous nerve lesion

A

Pain and paraesthesia in the skin and medial aspect of leg and foot

No motor loss

36
Q

Inability to adduct the thigh at the hip joint

A

Obturator nerve lesion

37
Q

Femoral fx: young/direct trauma

A

Trochanteric fracture

38
Q

Major blood supply of femur

A

Medial femoral circumflex

39
Q

Coxa vara vs. Coxa valga

A

Coxa vara: neck shaft angle decreased, limited abduction, fracture

Coxa valga: neck shaft angle increased, limited adduction, congenital disorder

40
Q

Dislocation of head of femur

A

Medially rotated

Sciatic nerve compression

41
Q

Innervation/action: anterior leg muscle

A

Deep peroneal n/ dorsiflexion and extension

42
Q

Innervation/action: lateral leg muscle

A

Superficial peroneal n/plantar flexion and eversion

43
Q

Innervation/action: posterior leg muscle

A

Tibial n./plantar flexion and flexion

44
Q

____only posterior leg muscle that cannot plantar flex

A

Popliteus

45
Q

Triceps surae

A

Gastrocnemius+Soleus

46
Q

Borders of the popliteal fossa

A

Superolateral: biceps femoris
Superomedial: semitendinosus, semimembranosus
Inferomedial: medial head of gastrocnemius
Inferolateral: lateral head of gastrocnemius, plantaris

47
Q

Contents of popliteal fossa

A 
Medial to lateral:
Popliteal a.
Popliteal v. 
Sciatic --> common peroneal
Posterior cutaneous nerve
48
Q

Achilles tendon supplied by

A

S1

49
Q

Blood flow from common iliac

A

Internal iliac

External iliac–>femoral–>popliteal–>ant/post tibial–>plantar arch

50
Q

Biceps brachii

A

C5

51
Q

Brachioradialis

A

C6

52
Q

Triceps brachii

A

C7

53
Q

Patella

A

L4

54
Q

Drainage of great Saphenous

A

Femoral v

55
Q

Drainage of small Saphenous

A

Popliteal v

56
Q

Innervation of the dorsal surface of the foot

A

Deep peroneal, superficial peroneal

57
Q

Dorsiflexion (nerve)

A

Deep peroneal

58
Q

Plantar flexion (nerve)

A

Posterior- tibial n.

59
Q

Peroneus vs tibialis

A

Evert, plantarflex vs. invert, plantarflex

60
Q

Foot drop

A

Lesion: common peroneal esp deep peroneal

61
Q

Can’t stand on tip toes

A

Tibial nerve lesion

62
Q

Weakness on eversion, paraesthesia on dorsal aspect of foot

A

Superficial peroneal

63
Q

Hamstring muscles

A

Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris
Adductor Magnus

64
Q

Ligaments of knee joint

A

ACL, PCL, LCL, MCL

65
Q

Unhappy triad of O’Donoghue

A

ACL, MCL, Medial meniscus

66
Q

Genu valgum vs. genu varum

A

Tibia twisted laterally vs. tibia twisted medially

67
Q

Tarsal bones

A

14

68
Q

Lymphatic drainage

A

Deep inguinal group

69
Q

Most powerful flexor muscle of the thigh

A

Iliopsoas

70
Q

Lymph drainage of the UE

A

Lateral Axillary

71
Q

Compression applied to lateral head and neck of the fibula

A

Common peroneal

72
Q

Flexes and medially rotates the thigh

A

Tensor fascia lata

73
Q

Achilles tendon

A

Dense regular connective tissue

74
Q

Talipes calcaneovalgus vs. talipes equinovarus

A

Dorsiflexedand everted vs. plantarflexed inverted

ANATOMY (13 decks)

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