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Anatomy > Thoracic Wall > Flashcards

Thoracic Wall Flashcards

1
Q

‘Suprasternal’ Jugular Notch

A

T2-T3

below the clavicle

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2
Q

Sternal angel

A

T4-T5 ribs 1-2

Manubrial sternal joint

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3
Q

Xiphoid process

A

T9-T11
bottom of the sternum
joint ossifies at 40 years old

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4
Q

Root of spine of scapula

A

spine of T3 but level of T4

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5
Q

Inferior angel of scapula

A

T7-T8

Rib 8

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6
Q

serratus posterior superior

A

elevates rib cage

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7
Q

serratus posterior inferior

A

depresses rib cage

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8
Q

Levator Costarum

A

elevates ribs
Transverse process C7-T11 to costal tubercle and costal angel
12 pairs of fan shaped muscles

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9
Q

Thoracic muscles/ intercostal muscles

A

All innervated by intercostal nerves from ventral primary rami of spinal nerve
internal intercostal muscles, innermost intercostal muscles, subcostal muscles, and transverse thoracis

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10
Q

External intercostal muscles

A 
elevate ribs 
'pocket' muscles 
Origin- tubercle 
Insert- costochondral junction 
Extend to sternum as external intercostal membrane
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11
Q

Internal intercostal muscles

A

Fibers run opposite of external
Lateral border of sternum to costal angle
costal portion- depresses
Chondral/ costal cartilage portion- elevates

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12
Q

Innermost intercostal muscles

A

3rd muscular layer
elevate and depress ribs
Found internally on posterolateral thoracic wall

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13
Q

Subcostal muscles

A

3rd muscular layer posteriorly
Muscle crosses more than one intercostal space
elevates ribs

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14
Q

Transverse Thoracis

A

3rd muscular layer anteriorly
lower sternum to internal surface of 2nd-6th costal cartilage
depresses ribs

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15
Q

Where does the anterior intercostal artery terminate?

A

6th intercostal space because it branches into superior epigastric and musculophrenic artery

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16
Q

Musculophrenic artery

A

supplies 7th and 9th spaces

branch from anterior intercostal artery

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17
Q

Where is the neurvascular bundle located for intercostal spaces?

A

between 2nd and 3rd muscular layer

18
Q

How many intercostal spaces are there?

A

11 spaces

19
Q

How many pairs of intercostal nerves are there?

A

11 pairs the 12th pair is the subcostal nerve

20
Q

Posterior intercostal arteries

A

all 11 come from thoracic aorta

21
Q

Superior intercostal artery

A

part of posterior intercostal arteries
comes from costocervical trunk
only supplies 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces

22
Q

Intercostal nerves are also called?

A

thoracic nerves

23
Q

Thoraco-Abdominal Nerves start and end where?

A

T7-T11

started as intercostal nerves and go onto anterior abdominal wall

24
Q

Costodiaphragmatic Reflection

A

Where visceral pleura meets parietal pleura

25
Q

sternoclavicular joint

A

between top of sternum and clavicle

synovial saddle joint

26
Q

Manubriosternal joint

A

between manubrium and body of the sternum

cartilaginous and immovable

27
Q

xiphisternal joint

A

between body of sternum and xiphoid process
cartilaginous and immovable
ossifies at 40 years of age

28
Q

True ribs

A

ribs 1-7

directly attach to the sternum

29
Q

False ribs

A

ribs 8-10

cartilage indirectly attaches to sternum

30
Q

Floating ribs

A

ribs 11-12

Don’t attach to sternum but attach to thoracic vertebrae

31
Q

Costovertebral Joints

A

superior articular/costal facet- vertebral body above the rib level
Inferior articular/costal facet- vertebral body at same level

32
Q

Transverse articular/costal facet

A

transverse process of vertebra at same level

33
Q

1st sternocostal joint

A

behind 1st rib, connects to sternum
cartilaginous and immovable
ossifies

34
Q

sternocostal joint

A

attaches to lateral part of sternum where movement occurs
Ribs 2-7
synovial plane-type joint
slightly moveable

35
Q

costochondral joints

A

between ribs and costal cartilage

cartilaginous and immovable

36
Q

Forced expiration muscles

A

intercostal muscles

all abdominal muscles

37
Q

Forced inspiration muscles

A

diaphragm
intercostal muscles
SCM
scalene muscle

38
Q

Breast blood supply

A

Branches from Pectoralis Thoracoacromial Trunk
Lateral Thoracic artery- off axillary artery
Internal Thoracic artery- off common carotid artery

39
Q

Breast Lymphatics

A

Axillary Lymphatic

Parasternal and clavicular nodes

40
Q

Axillary lymphatics

A

75% of lymphatic drainage

  1. central axillary nodes
  2. apical axillary nodes
41
Q

Parasternal and Clavicular Nodes

A

25% of lymphatic drainage

connects to other breast

42
Q

Anatomy of the Breast

A

superficial fascia
deep fascia
retromammary space
suspensory (Cooper’s) ligament

Anatomy (8 decks)

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