Anterolateral Abdominal Wall Flashcards
Valsalva Maneuver
coordinated increase of abdominal pressure
Superior Boundary
Right and left costal margins
Inferior Boundary
Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the pubic symphysis
Lateral Boundary
Verticle line through Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
Linea alba
white line between rectus abdominus muscles
site where the aponeuroses of 3 flat abdominal muscles join
Linea Semilunaris
Lateral border of rectus abdominus
Intertendinous Line
transverse lines between rectus abdominus
What are the planes in the Quadrant plane?
At L3/L4 level
- Right upper quadrant
- Left upper quadrant
- Right lower quadrant
- Left lower quadrant
What are the planes in the 9-region plane?
At L3 and L5 levels
- Upper Right and Left hypochondriac region
- Upper middle epigastric region
- Middle right and left lumbar or flank region
- Middle umbilical region
- Lower Right and Left groin or iliac region
- Lower middle pubic region
Camper’s Fascia
Superficial fatty layer
contains superior epigastric artery and vein
Goes to labia major of females
Scarpa’s Fascia
Thin, membranous layer
Ruses medially with linea alba and with fascia lata below inguinal ligament
Order of Abdominal Muscles Superficial to Deep
External Oblique
Internal Oblique
Transversus Abdominus
Odd ball Rectus Abdominus
Where do the nerves for anterolateral abdominal wall come from?
Anterior primary rami
What spinal levels supply anterior abdominal wall muscles and skin?
T7-L1
Levels of lateral cutaneous nerve branches
T7-T12
Levels of Intercostal Nerves
T7-T11
Level of Subcostal Nerves
T12
Level of Ilihypogastric and Ilioinguinal Nerves
L1
Herpes Zoster
Shingles Virus
Will arise along dermatomes
The virus stays dormant in dorsal root ganglia and reactivates along the dermatomes
Where do the spinal nerves for anterior abdominal wall run?
Between 2nd and 3rd layer of muscles
Branches of Internal Thoracic artery
Superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries
Superior anterior abdominal wall arterial supply
From thoracic aorta: 1. posterior intercostal arteries (ribs 10-11) 2. subcostal artery From Internal Thoracic artery 1. Superior epigastric artery 2. Musculophrenic artery
Inferior anterior abdominal wall arterial supply
From external iliac artery
1. Inferior epigastric artery
Femoral artery
Rectus Sheath
Aponeuroses of 3 flat abdominal muscles
Completely enclose rectus abdominus muscles above the arcuate line
Arcuate line
Where the rectus sheath ends
Marks transition in layers of rectus sheath
Diastasis Recti
separation of rectus abdominus muscles along linea alba
weakness can lead to hernia
NOT a hernia
Ventral (epigastric) hernia
Hernia along linea alba.
Stomach of intestines protrude out where they shouldn’t
Spigelian Hernia
Lateral hernia along the linea semi-lunaris line of the rectus abdominus
What 2 aponeuroses from the conjoint tendon?
transversus abdominus and internal abdominal oblique muscle
External Oblique Muscle O and I
O: ribs 5-12
I: linea alba, pubic tubercle, and iliac crest
External Oblique Innervation
Anterior Primary Rami from T7-T12
External Oblique action
Compress and support abdominal viscera
Flex and rotate trunk
Internal Oblique Muscle O and I
O: Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inguinal ligament
I: Ribs 10-12, linea alba, conjoint tendon
Internal Oblique Innervation
Anterior Primary Rami, Iliohypogastric and Ilioinguinal
Internal Oblique Action
Compress and supports abdominal viscera
Flex and rotate trunk
Transversus abdominis Muscle O and I
O: Ribs 7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inguinal ligament
I: Linea alba, pubic crest, and conjoint tendon
Transversus Abdominus Innervation
Anterior Primary Rami, Iliohypogastric and Ilioinguinal
Transversus Abdominus Action
Compress and supports abdominal viscera
Rectus Abdominus Muscle O and I
O: Pubic symphysis and pubic crest
I: Xiphoid process and ribs 5-7
Rectus Abdominus Innervation
Anterior Primary Rami
Rectus Abdominus Action
Flex trunk and compress abdominal viscera
