Thoracic wall

Question 1

describe the borders of the thoracic inlet

Answer 1

anterior - superior border of manubrium
posterior - body of T1
lateral - 1st ribs + costal cartilage

Question 2

describe the borders of the thoracic outlet

Answer 2

anterior - xiphisternal joint
posterior - body of T12
lateral - 11th and 12th ribs, costal cartilage of 7-10 (costal margin)

Question 3

which ribs are true ribs

Answer 3

1-7
connect to sternum via their own costal cartilage

Question 4

which ribs are false ribs

Answer 4

ribs 8-10
connect to sternum indirectly

Question 5

which ribs are floating ribs

Answer 5

ribs 11 and 12
they do not connect to the sternum

Question 6

name the common features of typical ribs

Answer 6

wedge shaped head
tubercle
thin, flat and curved body

Question 7

which muscle attaches to rib 1

Answer 7

anterior scalene

Question 8

which muscle attaches to the 2nd rib

Answer 8

serratus anterior

Question 9

what makes ribs 10-12 “atypical”

Answer 9

they only have one articular facet on the head

Question 10

at which rib articulation is the xiphisternal joint found

Answer 10

7th rib

Question 11

facet joints are synovial plane joints, what is the other name given to them

Answer 11

zygapophysial joints

Question 12

what type of joint does the 1st rib and manubrium form

Answer 12

primary cartilaginous / synchondrosis

Question 13

what joint type do ribs 2-7 form with the sternum

Answer 13

synovial plane

Question 14

what are interchondral joints

Answer 14

joints between adjacent costal cartilages
synovial plane between 6-7, 7-8, 8-9
fibrous joint between 9 and 10

Question 15

where is the greatest area of movement in ribs 1-6

Answer 15

anteriorly - pump handle movement

Question 16

where is the greatest movement in ribs 7-12

Answer 16

lateral border - bucket handle movement

Question 17

name the true muscles of the thoracic wall

Answer 17

intercostals, subcostals and transversus thoracis

Question 18

secondary muscles of respiration

Answer 18

scalene muscles, serratus posterior muscles

Question 19

nerve supply to pec major

Answer 19

medial (C8, T1) and lateral (C5-7) pectoral nerves

Question 20

nerve supply to pec minor

Answer 20

Medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1)

Question 21

nerve supply to external oblique

Answer 21

anterior rami of T7-12

Question 22

nerve supply to rectus abdominis

Answer 22

anterior rami T7-12

Question 23

nerve supply to serratus anterior

Answer 23

long thoracic nerve (C5-7)

Question 24

action of interosseous part of internal intercostal

Answer 24

depress ribs on expiration

Question 25

action of interchondral part of internal intercostals

Answer 25

raise ribs on inspiration

Question 26

transversus thoracics location

Answer 26

lateral borders of sternum to costal cartilages of ribs 2-6

Question 27

where does the supreme intercostal artery originate from

Answer 27

costocervical trunk

Question 28

where do anterior intercostal arteries branch from

Answer 28

internal thoracic arteries
ribs 1-6 directly
ribs 7-9 via musculophrenic

Question 29

describe the composition of the breast

Answer 29

a mix of fibrous and glandular tissue embedded within a fatty matrix

Question 30

arterial supply to breast

Answer 30

medial and lateral mammary arteries

Question 31

lateral mammary artery is branches of …

Answer 31

lateral thoracic

Question 32

medial mammary are branches of …

Answer 32

internal thoracic

Question 33

complex of lymphatic vessels in the breast

Answer 33

subareolar plexus