Muscles of the back

Question 1

Describe the attachments of trapezius

Answer 1

medially
- base of skull
- medial 1/3 superior nuchal line
- nuchal ligament

laterally
- lateral clavicle
- acromion
- spine of scapula

Question 2

Describe the actions of trapezius

Answer 2

rotation of scapula to allow for greater abduction of upper limb
retraction of scapula

Question 3

Describe the attachments of latissimus dorsi

Answer 3

spinous processes T7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and lower 3/4 ribs
to
edge of bicipital groove of humerus

Question 4

Describe the actions of latissimus dorsi

Answer 4

adduction, medial rotation and extension of arm

Question 5

Describe the innervation to latissimus dorsi

Answer 5

thoracodorsal nerve C6-8

Question 6

Where does rhomboid major insert

Answer 6

from spinal processes T2-5 to medial border of scapula

Question 7

Describe the innervation to rhomboids

Answer 7

dorsal scapular nerve C4,5

Question 8

Describe the attachments of rhomboid minor

Answer 8

nuchal ligament, C7-T1 to medial end of spine of scapula

Question 9

Describe the attachments of levator scapulae

Answer 9

posterior tubercles transverse process C1-4 to medial border of scapula above spine

Question 10

Describe the innervation to levator scapula

Answer 10

C3, C4 and dorsal scapular nerve C4,5

Question 11

Describe the attachments of serratus posterior superior

Answer 11

nuchal ligament, spinous processes C7-T3
to
superior border ribs 2-4

Question 12

describe the action of serratus posterior superior

Answer 12

elevate ribs 2-5

Question 13

Describe the innervation to serratus posterior superior

Answer 13

ant rami T2-5

Question 14

Describe the attachments of serratus posterior inferior

Answer 14

spinous processes T11-L2
to
inferior borders ribs 8-12 near angle

Question 15

Describe the action of serratus posterior inferior

Answer 15

depress ribs 9-12

Question 16

Describe the innervation to serratus posterior inferior

Answer 16

Anterior rami T9-12

Question 17

Describe the innervation to intrinsic muscles of the back - general

Answer 17

posterior rami of spinal nerves

Question 18

Which muscles are superficial intrinsic back muscles

Answer 18

splenius capitis and cervicis

Question 19

Describe the attachments of splenius capitis and cervicis

Answer 19

nuchal ligament and spinous processes C7-T3/4
to
capitis - mastoid process
cervicis - tubercles of T processes C1-3/4

Question 20

Describe the action of splenius’s

Answer 20

Extend and rotate the head

Question 21

What muscle group makes up the intermediate intrinsic back muscles

Answer 21

erector spinae

Question 22

What 3 muscles make up erector spinae

Answer 22

iliocostalis
longissimus
spinalis

Question 23

Describe the attachments of iliocostalis

Answer 23

angle of ribs and cervical transverse processes
to
iliac crest

Question 24

Describe the attachments of spinalis

Answer 24

upper thoracic spinous processes and cranium

Question 25

What muscles are the deep intrinsic back muscles

Answer 25

semispinalis
multifidus
rotatores
levator costarum
interspinale
intertransversi

Question 26

Describe the actions of multifidus

Answer 26

extension, lateral flexion and rotation of spine

Question 27

Where is rotartores most developed

Answer 27

thoracic region

Question 28

Describe the insertion of interspinale

Answer 28

to spinous process of above vertebrae

Question 29

Describe the action of inetrspinale

Answer 29

extension of C spine
stabilises C spine
maintains posture

Question 30

Describe the innervation of multifidus, rotatores and interspinale

Answer 30

medial branches of posterior division of spinal nerves

Question 31

Describe the attachments of levator costarum

Answer 31

transverse process C7-T11
to
rib below

Question 32

Describe the action of levator costarum

Answer 32

elevates ribs during inspiration
rotates and laterally flexes the vertebrae

Question 33

Describe the insertion of intertransversarii

Answer 33

anterior tubercle of t process of adjacent vertebrae

Question 34

Describe the action of intertransversarii

Answer 34

lateral flexion
stabilise adjacent vertebrae during large spinal movements

Question 35

Describe the innervation to intertransversarii

Answer 35

lumbar posterior primary divisions