Hindgut and Midgut

Question 1

what branch of the aorta supplies the hindgut

Answer 1

IMA L3

Question 2

how long is the descending colon

Answer 2

25cm

Question 3

Is the descending colon intraperitoneal

Answer 3

no, it is retroperitoneal

Question 4

describe the innervation to the descending colon

Answer 4

sympathetic = inferior mesenteric plexus
parasympathetic = from pelvis

Question 5

how long is the sigmoid colon

Answer 5

25-38cm

Question 6

describe the innervation of the sigmoid colon

Answer 6

autonomic nerves from the inferior hypogastric plexus in the pelvis

Question 7

describe the relations of the sigmoid colon

Answer 7

urinary bladder in males
uterus and vagina in females
rectum and sacrum in all

Question 8

how long is the rectum

Answer 8

13cm

Question 9

describe the arterial supply to the rectum

Answer 9

superior rectal branch of IMA
middle rectal artery - internal iliac
inferior rectal artery - internal pudendal - internal iliac

Question 10

describe the venous drainage of the rectum

Answer 10

superior to portal system
inferior to local veins in pelvis

Question 11

what is considered midgut

Answer 11

1/2 way along duodenum to 2/3rds across transverse colon
so also includes jejunum, ileum, caecum, appendix, ascending colon

Question 12

what are the fatty tags attached to large colon called

Answer 12

appendices epiploicae

Question 13

what is the longitudinal muscle of the large colon called

Answer 13

teniae coli

Question 14

describe the arterial supply of the caecum

Answer 14

caecal - ileocolic - SMA

Question 15

how long is the transverse colon

Answer 15

38cm

Question 16

what is meant by dual supply in the transverse colon

Answer 16

it receives blood from SMA and IMA
venous and lymphatic drainage is also dual

Question 17

describe the parasympathetic innervation of the transverse colon

Answer 17

proximal 2/3rds - vagus nerve
distal 1/3rd - pelvic splanchnic nerves