Thoracic spine Flashcards
How many vertebra in T-spine?
T1-T12
What movements happen at T-spine? Which movements are easier than others?
Flexion, extension, side flexion, rotation.
Rotation is easy, side flexion is more difficult
Flexion: Rectus abdominus / int oblique / ext oblique / psoas major
Extension: Erectus spinae / QL / Multifidus
Side flexion: QL / Int / ext oblique
Rotation: Int / Ext oblique
What are the key unique features of the T-spine?
- Transverse / spinous processes do not always correspond
- Spinous processes slope and increase as you go further down (inf) the vertebra
- Costal facets, where the ribs attach [mid L = heart, lungs, liver / kidney = below]
- Costal transverse arch (costal margin)
- Costal vertebral joints
- Costotransverse joints
What other features of the T-spine are there, (that are also found else where)
- Zagophospheseal / facet joints
- Intervertebral joints
- Intervertebral foremen (where the nerves come out when you look from a side on view)
- Discs
- 12 pairs of nerve roots
Ligaments of the T spine, same as ___ spine?
Ligaments of T spine - T spine => T rex => T rex breaks into the inter milan stadium..
Lumbar
- Intertransverse lig
- Interspinous lig
- Lig flavum
- Supraspinous lig
- Anterior longitudinal ligament
- Posterior longitudinal ligament
Inter milan (1) buy a trans player over the internet (2) and who spins (3) flava flav in circles (4) in a Subaru (5) who falls in two long (6) drop toilets
The ribs can be divided into which sections? +what word describes the ribs in these sections + explain the terms?
- Top 7 ribs - ‘true’ ribs - attach to sternum via cartilage
- Lower 3 ribs - ‘false’ ribs - do not attach to sternum, attach to lower 2 ribs
- Last 2 ribs - ‘floating ribs’ - only connected to the spin at the back
What 2 joints begin with ‘cost’…
What are their articulating surfaces
What type of joints are they?
Can you justify why they are this type of joint?
https://i.pinimg.com/originals/2b/00/3b/2b003b73ec74737396286c29c80dff76.jpg
- Costal vertebral joints
- Costotransverse joints
- Synovial plane - need to move.. why? - BREATHING!
- Costal vertebral joints: articulate - ribs vertebral bodies (connect ribs to vertebral column)
- Costotransverse joints: articulate - ribs transverse processes
How do you measure the movements at T - spine?
- Incolmeter
- Eyeball (must check the pt is not compensating with the lumbar spine)
Palpate T1 / T12
- T1 is down from C7
- T12 is up from L1
What do T3 and T7 importantly mark?
- T3 - spine of scapular
- T7 - inferior angle of scapular
Rectus abdominus - A
Morph
O / I
Actions
Nerve
Morph:
- Arranged in sheaths - ‘6 pack’ appearence
- Linea Alba - tendon
- Transverse tendons 1,2,3,4
O: pubic crest, pubic symphesis
I: Xiphoid process (lowest part of sternum), costal cartilage, 5th, 6th, 7th ribs (lower three true ribs)
Crusties (1) playing Beethoven’s symphany (2) with their pubes, when the xylophone (3) player runs to the coast (4) to get to their car (4) and burns the 5th, 6th and 7th US amendmants until 6 rams and 7 ants put it out (nerve)
Actions: Trunk flexion, compression of abdomen
Nerve: Anterior rami lower 6-7 thoracic nerves
Erectus spinae - A
Santa has an erection…
Morph:
- Large complex muscle
- Head down to sacrum
- Located on the posterior side of the trunk
Actions: Extension of the spine, helps with side flexion / rotation
- Longissimus (middle) - level of transverse process - capitis / cervisis / Thoracis / Lumborum
- Ilieocostalis (lateral) - level of rib cage - cervisis, thoracis, Lumborum
- Spinalis (medial) - level of spinous process - capitis, cervisis, thoracis
(ie throaccic spine, cervial , lumbar..)
O: Sacrum, iliac crest, spinous process T11-L5
I: Ribs, all transverse processes, mastoid process (behind the ear)
Santa filling his sac full of rum (1) on the moons crest (2) when he spins around 11 Times (3) and Laughs 5 times (3) so much so that he falls off the moon into a restraunt, he orders ribs (4 ), meets a transexual (5) and maturbates (6) before ramming his nob in the door and breaking his spine (nerves)
Nerve: Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Observation of Thoracic Spine, Rib Cage …
Which views ? What do you look for?
How should you position yourself in relation to the pt?
- NB - position the pt to stand and spin, rather than spinning yourself
From book:
- Thoracic spine-curvature, symmetry, post, anterior & side views ; differences & similarities sitting/standing etc.
- Ribs- symmetry, contours, normal breathing pattern
- Shoulder girdle – level, symmetry, distance from the vertebral column.
From notes:
- Front: nose, chin, belly button, sternum alignment, pidgeon chest?
- Side: ear, shoulder, greater trochanter alignment
- Back: Scapular alignment, spinal symmerty, slope of trapezius, pidgeon chest?
- Look for increased kyphosis
Structure of thoraccic vertebra
- Lamina / vertebral body / spinal cord / foramen ect [CHECK revision slides to see if can label diagram]
Complete PAIVMs at the thoracic spine, what are key points re: positioning?
- Make sure table is at a good height
- use Piseform grip - be sure to actually know what this is!! [opposite side the the thumb]
…
- T1 is down from C7
- T12 is up from L1
