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Biomechanics & Kinematics > Thoracic Spine > Flashcards

Thoracic Spine Flashcards

1
Q

What movements are considered Elevation of the UE?

A

-flexion
-abduction
-scaption

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2
Q

What is the normal degrees of external rotation ( from base & from 90 abduction)?

A

base: 40-60
90 abduction: 90 - 100

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3
Q

What are the ROMs of the total UE?

A

Elevation
Internal Rotation
External Rotation
Extension
Adduction
Horizontal Adduction & Abduction
FIR
FER

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4
Q

What are sagittal planes of motion of the shoulder?

A

-ER & IR from 90 abduction
-Flexion
-Extension

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5
Q

What are the transverse planes of motion of the shoulder?

A

-ER from base position
-Horizontal AB/ADDuction

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6
Q

What is the normal degrees of IR from 90 ABD?

A

45-60

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7
Q

What is the normal degrees for extension?

A

60-80

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8
Q

What is the normal degree for horizontal adduction & horizontal abduction?

A

ADD: 40-60
ABD: 120-140

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9
Q

Describe the Scapulothoracic articulation in coronal plane static posture

A

-Superior angle at T2
-Inferior angle at T7
-2” distance between the root of spine of scapular & T3
-3-5° of upward scapular rotation at rest
-Upward rotation promotes inferior stability

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10
Q

Describe positional capsuloligamentous disadvantage?

A

Scapula “dumping” mechanism appears to be “relaxation” coracohumeral & superior glenohumeral ligament
Adaptive lengthening occurs so can no longer hold humeral head in glenohumeral
Potential for false positive sulcus test

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11
Q

Scapulothoracic Articulation → Sagittal Plane Static Posture?

A

Slight anterior tilting or anteflexion of 9° - 20°

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12
Q

What are the two translations for scapulothoracic motion?

A

Elevation/depression
protraction/retraction

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13
Q

What is the purpose of scapulothoracic motion?

A

Purpose is to appropriately position the glenoid to allow optimal motion

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14
Q

What are the three rotatory motions of scapulothoacic?

A

Upward/downward rotation
anterior/posterior tilting or tipping
medial/lateral rotation

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15
Q

Describe scapular elevation & depression

A

Elevation is a cephalad translation
Depression is a caudal translation
Produces clavicular elevation & depression
Coupled with anterior & posterior tilting

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16
Q

Describe protraction & retraction

A

Protraction is an “abduction” translation
Retraction is an “adduction” translation
Produces clavicular protraction & retraction
Coupled with medial & lateral rotation

17
Q

What are the similarities and differences of anterior & posterior tilting?

A

Similar: Sagittal plane occurring about a M-L axis at the AC joint
Similar: Both are coupled with scapular retraction, protraction, upward & downward rotation=
Anterior Tilting: Anterior displacement of the superior angle & posterior displacement of the inferior angle
Posterior Tilting: Posterior displaced superior angle & anterior displaced inferior angle

18
Q

Describe scapular medial & lateral rotation

A

Rotary motions occur about a vertical axis in region of the AC joint
Medial rotation directs the glenoid fossa anteriorly (and medially)
Opposite for lateral rotation
Coupled with protraction & retraction

19
Q

What is winging of the scapula?

A

results from posterior displacement of the medial border of the scapula

20
Q

Describe Scapular Upward rotation

A

Occurs about a perpendicular axis to the scapular body
Moving ICR → can slide so will shift out ro AC joint
Upward rotation results in superolateral displacement of the scapula’s inferior angle
Coupled with clavicular elevation (scapular upward)

21
Q

How are the acromioclavicular joint structures stabilized?

A

conoid, trapezoid, & AC ligaments

22
Q

What are the joint motions of the AC joint?

A

anterior/posterior tipping
medial/lateral rotation
small amount of upward/ downward rotation

23
Q

SC joint motions are linked to (blank) motions

A

scapular (elevation/depression, protraction/retraction, posterior/anterior rotation)

24
Q

What type of joint is sternoclavicular?

A

Sellar surface/saddle

25
Q

What is the movement of the SC joint in the frontal plane?

A

convex clavicle on concave sternum

26
Q

What is the movement of the SC joint in the transverse?

A

concave clavicle on convex sternum

Biomechanics & Kinematics (10 decks)

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