Thoracic outline Flashcards
how many thoracic vertebrae are there?
12
the thoracic vertebrae articulate with?
the ribs
what is the shape of the vertebral body from superior view of a T2-T8 vertebrae?
heart shaped
on T2-T8 the vertebral body will have a posterior height that is __________ than anterior height.
posterior is greater than anterior
the vertebral body __________ in size from T3-T12
increases in size
T2-T8 has costal demi-facets for articulation with?
head of the ribs
the superior costal demi-facet articulates with which rib?
the same numbered rib
the inferior costal demi-facet articulates with which rib?
the next rib down
on T5-T8 what is the flattening on the left side of the vertebral body?
aortic impression
what is the pedicle orientation on T2-T8?
primarily posterior
only a sight angulation
pedicle of T2-T8 arises from the upper ______ of the vertebral body.
upper third
the superior vertebral notch/incisure is very?
shallow
the inferior vertebral notch/incisure is very?
deep
on T2-T8 what faces directly laterally, lying within a sagittal plane of the body?
intervertebral foramen (upside-down) pear shape in outline
specific spinal nerve exiting the intervertebral foramen is identified according to the vertebra making up the __________ border of the intervertebral foramen.
superior
when the laminae of adjacent vertebrae overlap each other?
shingling
the lamina of T2-T8 is plate-like and?
broad superior to inferior
what is the shape of the vertebral foramen of t2-t8?
circular in shape
smaller than in the cervical or lumbar region
on T2-T8 what is the large and club-shaped process, becoming shorter from T1 to T12
transverse process
the transverse process is orientated obliquely and posterio-laterally however T2-T4 and T5-T8 variate how?
T2-T4 is more laterally orientated
T5-T8 is more posteriorly orientated
the transverse tubercle contains the transverse costal facet for articulation with the articular facet of the tubercle of?
the same numbered rib
the transverse costal facet is orientated __________ and _________.
anteriorly and laterally
in T5-T8, the transverse costal facets also face slightly __________ as well.
superiorly
on T2-T8 the superior articular facet is orientated?
backward, upward and laterally (BUL)
on T2-T8 the inferior articular facet is orientated?
forward, medially, and downward (FMD or ForMeD)
what is the region between the superior and inferior articular processes on T1-T12
Pars Interarticularis
in T2-T4, the distance between the superior articular process is ________ than the distance between the inferior articular processes.
greater
in T5-T8 the distances between articular processes are?
equal
the spinous process of T2-T8 is long with a?
Distinct spinous tubercle
On T2-T8 the spinous process is directed posteriorly and inferiorly and sometimes there can be overlapping with the spinous process below. This is a phenomenon known as?
Imbrication
In T2-T4 the spinous process angle from the horizontal ranges from? In degrees.
20-40 degrees
In T5-T8 the spinous process angle from the horizontal ranges from?
40-60 degrees
What are the atypical thoracic vertebrae?
T1, T9, T10, T11, T12
Which thoracic vertebral body is rectangular in superior view and the superior epiphyseal rim slightly concave from side to side?
T1
The superior costal facet of T1 is usually?
A full facet, not a Demi facet
Superior vertebral notch/incisure deeper than in the typical thoracic vertebrae describes the pedicel of which vertebrae?
T1
The transverse process of which thoracic vertebrae is laterally orientated, more horizontal and anterior than in the typical thoracic?
T1
The spinous process of C1 is quite long and projects nearly?
Horizontally
On T1 what is the surface bulge at the posterior-inferior aspect of the neck?
Vertebral prominence
On T9 the superior costa Demi-facet may be nearly as large as?
A full facet
On T9 the inferior costal Demi-facet is?
Very small or absent
On T9 the spinous process is becoming?
More horizontal
On T10 the superior costal facet may be a very large?
Demi-facet or a full facet
On T10 the inferior costal Demi-facet is?
Absent
The transverse process of which thoracic vertebrae may have an absent transverse costal facet?
T10
The tenth rib may not form a synovial joint with the transverse process
Becoming more horizontal and shorter, causing a slight dimpling of the skin overlying the spinous tubercle describes the spinous process of which thoracic vertebrae?
T10
Para-articular processes are more common and more well developed than others, on the laminae of which vertebrae?
T10
Which vertebral body is reniform shaped in superior view, as seen in the lumbar vertebrae?
T11
Which vertebrae is reniform is shape, has a superior costal facet and no inferior costal Demi-facet? Also known as the anticlinal vertebra
T11
The transverse process on T11 is short, posteriorly orientated, with no?
Transverse costal facet
The spinous process of T11 is becoming lumbar-like in shape with a nearly horizontal?
Inferior border
What is the shape of the vertebral body of T12?
Large and reniform in superior view
On T12 what lies partly on the vertebral body and partly on the pedicle?
Superior costal facet
Does T12 have an inferior costal Demi-facet?
No
The transverse process of T12 is modified into what three tubercles? And with no transverse costal facet
Superior
Lateral
Inferior
Which T12 transverse process tubercle is large, projecting superiorly and posteriorly, and homologue of the lumbar mammillary process?
Superior tubercle
What T12 transverse process tubercle projects laterally from the region of the lamina-pedicle junction and homologue of the lumbar transverse process?
Lateral tubercle
Which T12 transverse process tubercle is small, located below the superior tubercle and posterior to the lateral tubercle and homologue of the lumbar accessory process?
Inferior tubercle
The superior articular facet of T12 is like?
Like that of a typical vertebra
The inferior articular facet on T12 is lumbar, with a facet surface is distinctly convex and faces?
Forward, laterally, and downward (FoLD)
The spinous process of T12 is short, broad, horizontal, and like those of the lumbar vertebrae is shaped like?
Hatchet shaped
Short(anterior to posterior)
Broad (superior to inferior)
