cervical outline Flashcards
unites anterior and posterior arches on C1?
lateral mass
what is the shape of the superior articular process of C1?
elliptical
which facet faces backwards, upwards, and medial (BUM) of C1
the facet of the superior articular surface
what is the shape of the facet of the superior articular surface of C1
concave, long oval (peanut shaped)
the shape of the inferior articular process of C1?
columnar, circular in shape
which facet faces backward, medial, and downward (BMD)? C1
the facet of the inferior articular surface
what is the shape of the facet of the inferior articular surface?C1
flattened or slightly concave
the lateral mass has no ________ pillar. C1
articular
the tubercle for the transverse atlantal ligament is located on? C1
medial surface of the lateral mass
the transverse process of C1 that is reduced in size relative to typical cervical vertebrae, with a small or absent anterior tubercle?
costal element
the costotransverse bar will be rudimentary or absent
the transverse process of C1 is a _____ transverse process and posterior tubercle.
True transverse process
the largest of all transverse cervical formamen is located on which vertebrae?
C1
how many centers of ossification does C2 have?
7
5 primary
2 secondary
what are the five primary centers of ossification of the C2 vertebrae?
Centrum Neural arches (right and left) Odontoid process (right and left halves)
what are the two secondary centers of ossification of the C2 vertebrae?
inferior epiphyseal rim
apex of the odontoid process
the depression lateral to the midline crest on the anterior surface of the C2 vertebral body is the attachment site for what?
the attachment site for the longus colli muscle
what is the peg-like mass projecting superiorly from the C2 vertebral body?
Odontoid process
what is on the anterior surface of the odontoid process of C2?
the facet for the fovea dentis
what is on the posterior-inferior surface of the odontoid process of C2?
the groove for the transverse atlantal ligament
what is located on the apex of the odontoid process of the C2 vertebrae?
APICAL DENTAL LIGMENT attachment site
what is located on the posterior-lateral border of the superior portion of the odontoid process of the C2 vertebrae?
Alar ligament attachment site
what is located superiorly and covered by the superior articular process and facet on the C2 vertebrae?
the Pedicle
what is located posterior to the superior articular process?C2
superior vertebral notch
slightly prominent
what is located anterior to the inferior articular process?C2
inferior vertebral notch
large and more prominent
which articular process of C2 is large but short?
superior articular process
which facet of C2 is typically asymmetrical and convex, while facing backward, upward, and lateral (BUL)?
superior articular facet
the inferior articular process and facet are ________ for the cervical region.
typical
the superior and inferior process of C2 do not form what?
they do not form an articular pillar
the transverse process of C2 is similar to?
the tranverse process of C1
the Lamina of C2 is massive and otherwise _______ for cervical region?
typical
the spinous process of C2 is ______ and always _____.
large and always Bifid
the epiphyseal rims of the vertebral body are transitional between the cervical and thoracic vertebrae, this is for what vertebrae?
C7
the superior epiphyseal rim is typical for a cervical vertebra, with uncinate processes and anterior and posterior grooves, this is true for which vertebrae?
C7
the inferior epiphyseal rim is more like that of a thoracic vertebra, anterior and posterior lips and lateral grooves are absent or reduced in which vertebra?
C7 mofo!
the transverse process of C7 is a true transverse process with?
a large posterior tubercle and is overall thickened
the costal element of C7 transverse process is?
reduced, with the anterior tubercle small or absent;
costotransverse bar rudimentary or absent
the transverse foramen of C7 may be?
small, duplicated or absent
true or false
C7 does have an articular pillar formed by inferior and superior articular process?
false there is no articular pillar
the facets of the C7 vertebrae articular process are approximately how many degrees from which directional plane?
10 degrees from the vertical plane
the superior articular facet of C7 is similar to which other vertebra?
C3-C6 (BUM)
Backwards, upwards, medial
the inferior articular facet is similar to which vertebra?
a typical thoracic vertebra (ForMeD)
Forward, medial, and downward
the spinous process of which vertebra is long and horizontal, non-bifid with a large spinous tubercle?
C7
what are the typical cervical vetebrae?
C3-C6
what cervical vertebrae are roughly rectangular in shape and in lateral view the anterior height is less than the posterior height?
C3-C6
they are small in size and increasing in size from C2-C7
which cervical vertebrae has superior epiphyseal rim that is concave from side to side, resulting in uncinate process?
C3-C6
which cervical vertebrae have a superior epiphyseal rim that is convex from front to back resulting in anterior and posterior grooves?
C3-C6
which cervical vertebrae have an inferior epiphyseal rim that is convex from side to side, resulting in lateral grooves?
C3-C6
which cervical vertebrae have an inferior epiphyseal rim that is concave from front to back, resulting in anterior and posterior lips?
C3-C6
the pedicles of which cervical vertebrae project posterio-laterally from the vertebral body, at approximately a 45 degree angle from the sagittal plane with superior and inferior vertebral notches/incisures approximately equal in depth?
C3-C6
the intervertebral foramen of C3-C6 faces what direction?
obliquely and at a 45 degree angle
nearly oval in shape
the uncinate process of C3-C6 helps form the border of what?
intervertebral foramen
on C3-C6 what projects laterally from the vertebral body and the root of the pedicle?
costal element
on C3-C6 what is the swelling of bone at the end of the costal element?
anterior tubercle
on C6 what is the modified anterior tubercle, enlarged and scalloped to accommodate which artery?
carotid tubercle accommodating the common carotid artery.
what is most frequent at C7 and develops from the costal element?
cervical rib
the true transverse process of C3-C6 projects laterally from?
lamina-pedicle junction
on C3-C6 what is the swelling at the end of the true ransverse process?
posterior tubercle
on C3-C6 the costotransverse bar is between the anterior and posterior tubercles and is associated with the sulcus for the?
sulcus for the ventral primary ramus
on C3-C6 the transverse foramen is medially bounded by what?
pedicle and vertebral body
on C3-C6 the transverse foramen is anteriorly bounded by?
costal element
on C3-C6 the transverse formane in bounded posteriorly by?
true transverse foramen
on C3-C6 the transverse foramen is bounded laterally by the?
costotransverse bar
on C3-C6 the transverse foramen transmits what?
the vertebral artery
on C3-C6 what is orientated approximately 60 degree antero-lateral from a sagittal plane and 15 degree downward from a horizontal plane?
transverse process
on C3-C6 what is the shape of the vertebral foramen?
heart shaped or triangular
what is the largest at C6, an accommodates the cervical enlargement of the spinal cord?
vertebral foramen
the spinous process gradually _________ in length, C3-C6
gradually increases
bifid spinous process is variable and __________ in frequency from C3 to C6.
decreases in frequency
what vertebrae has two centers of ossification and one secondary center?
C1
what are the two primary centers of ossification for C1?
right and left lateral masses
what is the secondary center of ossification for C1?
anterior arch
what is the midline elevation on the anterior surface of the anterior arch of C1?
anterior tubercle
what is the articulating facet, located on the posterior surface of the anterior arch on C1?
Fovea dentis
what is the midline elevation on the posterior surface of the posterior arch on C1?
posterior arch
what is the elevated line/ridge of bone on the superior surface of the posterior arch on C1?
Arcuate rim
the sulcus for the vertebral artery, and located posterior to the lateral mass is the passage way for what?
vertebral artery
first cervical spinal nerve
what is the bony bridge over the sulcus for the vertebral artery on C1?
ponticulus posticus
what is the foramen formed by the posterior arch and the ponticulus posticus on C1?
arcuate foramen
what is located posterior to inferior articular process on C1?
inferior vertebral notch
