Thoracic Cavity: Lungs and Pleura Flashcards
What separates the parietal pleura from the body wall
Endothoracic fascia
Parts of the parietal pleura
- Cervical
- Costal
- Mediastinal
- Diaphragmatic
What covers the cervical pleura?
Suprapleural membrane
What are pleural recesses?
Reflection points where the lung does not extend fully into the pleural space
2 pleural recesses
- Costodiaphragmatic
- Costomediastinal
What nerves supply the parietal pleura?
Somatic nerves (sensitive to pain)
What nerves supply the visceral pleura?
Visceral nerves (insensitive to pain)
Diagnoses for when pleural cavity is filled with abnormal substances
- Pleural effusion (excess fluid)
- Pneumothorax (air)
- Haemothorax (blood)
- Empyema (pus)
- Chylothorax (lymph)
What is the mediastinum?
Area between 2 lungs and pleura
Surfaces of the lungs
- Mediastinal/medial
- Lateral/costal
Borders of the lungs
- Anterior
- Posterior
- Inferior
Other external features of the lungs
- Apex
- Base
Location of the trachea
Neck and superior mediastinum (C6 to T4)
What are bronchopulmonary segments?
Smallest functionally independent units of lungs
What are bronchopulmonary segments aerated by?
Tertiary bronchus
How many bronchopulmonary segments does each lung have?
10
Blood supply of lungs
- Bronchial arteries and veins supply lung tissue
- Pulmonary arteries and veins carry blood for oxygenation
Lymphatic drainage of lungs
Drain into tracheobronchial group of lymph nodes
What plexus supply the lungs?
Pulmonary plexuses
What sympathetic nerves supply lungs and what is their role
- T1-T5
- Bronchodilator
What parasympathetic nerve supplies lungs and what is its role
- Vagus nerve
- Bronchoconstrictor
