The Pectoral Region Flashcards
Surface features of the pectoral region
- Clavicle
- Sternum
- Suprasternal notch
- Sternal angle
- Nipple
What type of gland are mammary glands?
Modified sweat glands (apocrine)
Location of mammary glands
In the superficial fascia (except axillary tail)
Extent of mammary glands
- From 2nd to 6th rib (vertical)
- Lateral border of sternum to midaxillary line (horizontal)
Where does the axillary tail pass?
Through an opening in the deep fascia (Foramen of Langer)
Deep relations of mammary gland
- Retromammary space (lake of Mercille)
- Deep fascia covering pectoralis major
- Some part of serratus anterior and external oblique abdominis
What is the function of the retromammary space?
- Helps in breast mobility
- Passage of vessels
- Space for implants
Structure of breast
Skin:
> Nipple
> Areola
Parenchyma:
> Compound tubulo-alveolar gland
> 15-20 lactiferous glands drain into nipple
Stroma:
> Supporting framework
> Connective and adipose tissue
Location of nipple
Height of 4th ICS, 10cm from midline
What muscles are in the nipple?
Circular and longitudinal
What glands are in the areola?
Modified sebaceous glands (Tubercles of Montgomery)
How many lactiferous lobules are there in the parenchyma and how are they arranged?
15-20, radially arranged
What do the lactiferous sinuses in the parenchyma do?
Store milk in lactating breasts
What is the connective tissue stroma comprised of?
- Inframammary ligament
- Suspensory ligaments of Cooper
- Adipose tissue
What do the suspensory ligaments of Cooper provide?
Support and firmness
