Thoracic and Abdominal Walls, Pleura and Lungs 6/7 Flashcards
Transverse Thoracis
Origin:
Posterior Surface of the Lower Sternum
Insertion:
Internal Surface of Costal Cartilages 2-6
Innervation:
Intercostal Nerve
Action:
Weakly Depress the Lungs
Manubriosternal Joint
Type:
2nd Cartilaginous Joint (symphysis)
Articulations:
Manubrium + Sternum
Comments:
Fuses in older people and becomes synostosis
Interchondral Joint
Type:
Synovial Plane joint
Articulation:
Costal Cartilages: (6-7), (7-8), (8-9) Ribs
Ligament:
Interchondral Ligaments
Comment:
9-10 Costal Cartilage is fibrous
Intervertebral Joint
Type:
Symphysis (2nd Cartilaginous Joint)
Articulations:
Adjacent vertebral bodies bound together by intervertebral discs
Ligaments:
Anterior Longitudinal ligament & Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Costochondral Joint
Type:
Primary Cartilaginous Joint (synchondrosis)
Articulation:
Lateral end of Costal Cartilage With sternal end of rib
Ligaments:
Cartilage & Bone; Bound together by periosteum
Comments:
No Movements! (normally)
Costovertebral Joint
Type:
Synovial plane joint
Articulation:
Head of each rib with superior demifacet of the vertebra below, and also the corresponding vertebra.
Ligaments:
Radiate & Intra-articular ligaments of head of rib
Exceptions:
1st, 11th, 12th, and sometimes 10th only articulate with corresponding vertebrae.
Costotransverse Joint
Type:
Synovial Plane Joint
Insertion:
Articulation of Tubercle of Rib with transverse process of corresponding vertebrae
Ligaments:
Lateral and superior costotransverse
Exceptions:
11th and 12th Don’t articulate with Transverse Process
Sternocostal Joint
Type:
1st Rib: Primarily Cartilaginous Joint (Synchondrosis)
2-7th Rib: Synovial Plane Joint
Articulations:
1st Rib: Manubrium + 1st Costal Cartilage
2-7th: Costal Cartilage with sternum
Ligaments:
Anterior & Posterior radiate sternocostal
Xiphisternal Joint
Type: Primary Cartilagnous (synchondrosis)
Articulation:
Body of Sternum + Xiphoid Process
Comment:
Fuse in older people and become synostosis
Internal Intercostal muscles (middle layer)
Origin:
Inferior Border of Ribs
Insertion:
Superior border of ribs below
Innervation:
Intercostal nerve
Action:
During Forced Respiration:
Interosseous part, Depresses ribs; Interchondral part elevates ribs.
External Intercostals (superficial layer)
Origin:
Inferior border of ribs
Insertion:
Superior border of ribs below
Innervation:
Intercostal nerve
Action:
Elevates ribs, during forced Inspiration
Left Marginal Branch
Origin:
Circumflex Branch
Distribution:
Left Ventricle
Anastomose:
IV Branches
Circumflex Branch
Origin:
Left Coronary Artery
Distribution:
Left Atrium and Ventricle
Anastomose:
Posterior IV branch of left coronary artery
Anterior Interventricular (AV) branch
Origin:
Left Coronary Artery
Distribution:
Left ventricle & right Ventricle, Anterior (2/3) of IV septum
Anastomose:
Posterior IV branch of Left Coronary Artery
Left Coronary Artery
Origin:
Left Aortic Sinus
Distribution:
Most of the Left Atrium & Ventricles, IV septum, and AV bundles; May supply AV node.
Anastomose:
Right Coronary Artery
Posterior Interventricular (IV) Artery
Origin:
Right Coronary Artery
Distribution:
Right and Left Ventricles & Posterior (1/3) of septum
Anastomose:
Anterior IV branches of Left Coronary artery at Apex
Right Coronary Artery
Origin:
Right Aortic Sinus
Distribution:
Right Atrium, SA & AV nodes, Posterior Part of IV Septum
Anastomose:
Circumflex & Anterior IV branches (left coronary artery)
Right Marginal Artery
Origin:
Right Coronary Artery
Distribution:
Right Ventricle & Apex of Heart
Anastomose: IV branches
Atypical Ribs
1st, 2nd, 10th,11, and 12th
1st Rib (Atypical)
1st rib is broad. The shortest & most sharply curved of the 7 true ribs.
Contributes to the roof of thoracic cavity.
has 2 shallow grooves crossing superior surface for Subclavian vessels and they are separated by the Scalene Tubercles and ridge.
Only has 1 facet
Only articulates with T1.
2nd Rib (Atypical)
2nd rib is Thinner and more typical.
Has attachments for Serratus Anterior & Posterior Scalene.
Twice the length of the 1st Rib
10th, 11th, and 12th Ribs (Atypical)
They only have 1 facet.
11th and 12 Ribs
Short and have NO necks or Tubercles
Typical RIbs
3rd-9th Ribs
Head with 2 facets that are separated by crest of head. 1 facet articulates with corresponding vertebrae and the other facet articulates with facet above it.
Neck that connects the head with the body (shaft) @ level of Tubercle
Tubercle at the junction of Neck and Body. Has tubercle that is smooth for transverse process of vertebrae (synovial) and tubercle that is rough for nonarticular part of vertebrae (Fibrous).
Body(shaft) that is thin, flat, and curved along its length, most markedly at the angle where the ribs turn Anteriorly.
Floating (Free) Ribs
11th- 12th Ribs and sometimes 10th Rib.
Have rudimentary (basic) cartilage on anterior end that doesn’t connect even indirectly with sternum
False (Vertebrochondral) Ribs
8th-10th Ribs
Indirect connection with sternum
Cartilage is on Anterior ends that are joined to the cartilage of the rib superior to them
True (Vertebrosternal) Ribs
1st-7th Ribs
Attach Directly to sternum anteriorly through their own costal cartilage
Intercostals (1-11) Nerve
Origin:
Anterior Rami of T1-T11 Nerves
Course:
Run in intercostal spaces between internal and Innermost layers of intercostal muscles
Distribution:
Muscles in & skin over intercostal space; lower nerves supply muscles and skin of anterolateral abdominal wall
Sternoclavicular Joint
Type:
Saddle Synovial Joint
Articulation: Sternal end of Clavicle with Manubrium and 1st costal cartilage
Ligaments:
Anterior & Posterior Sternoclavicular/ Costoclavicular ligaments
Comment:
Joint Divided into 2 compartments by articular discs
Innermost Intercostal Muscles (Outer layer)
Origin:
Inferior Border of Ribs
Insertion:
Superior border of ribs below
Innervation:
Intercostal nerve
Action:
During Forced Respiration:
Interosseous part, Depresses ribs; Interchondral part elevates ribs.
Posterior Intercostals Artery
Origin:
Supreme intercostal arteries (intercostal spaces 1 and 2) and thoracic aorta (remaining intercostal spaces)
Course:
Pass between internal and innermost intercostal muscles
Distribution:
Intercostal muscles and overlying skin, parietal pleura
Anterior Intercostals Artery
Origin:
Internal thoracic arteries (intercostal spaces 1–6) and musculophrenic arteries (intercostal spaces 7–9)
Course:
Pass between internal and innermost intercostal muscles
Distribution:
Intercostal muscles and overlying skin, parietal pleura
Internal thoracic
Origin:
Subclavian Artery
Distribution:
By way of anterior intercostal arteries to intercostal spaces 1–6 and musculophrenic arteries to intercostal spaces 7–9
