Anterior Neck 6/15 Flashcards
Sternohyoid
Infrahyoid Muscle
Origin:
Manubrium of sternum and medial end of clavicle
Insertion:
Body of hyoid
Innervation:
C1 to C3 a branch of Ansa Cervicalis
Action:
Depresses hyoid after elevation during swallowing
Omohyoid
Infrahyoid Muscle
Origin:
Superior border of scapula near the suprascapular notch
Insertion:
Inferior border of hyoid bone
Innervation:
C1 to C3 a branch of Ansa Cervicalis
Action:
Depresses, retracts, and steadies hyoid
Sternothyroid
Infrahyoid Muscle
Origin:
Posterior surface of Manubrium of sternum
Insertion:
Oblique line of thyroid cartilage
Innervation:
C2 to C3 by a branch of Ansa Cervicalis
Action:
Depresses hyoid and larynx
Thyrohyoid
Infrahyoid Muscle
Origin:
Oblique line of thyroid cartilage
Insertion:
Inferior border of body and greater horn of hyoid
Innervation:
C1 via hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
Action:
Depress the hyoid and elevate the larynx
Digastric
Suprahyoid Muscle
Origin:
Anterior belly - Digastric fossa of mandible
Posterior belly- Mastoid notch of temporal bone
Insertion:
Intermediate tendon to body and greater horn of hyoid.
Innervation:
Anterior belly- nerve to mylohyoid, a branch of inferior alveolar nerve
Posterior belly- digastric branch of facial nerve (CN VII)
Action:
Working with the infrahyoid muscles, it depresses mandible against resistance; elevates and steadies hyoid during swallowing and speaking.
Stylohyoid
Suprahyoid Muscle
Origin:
Styloid process of temporal bone
Insertion:
Body of hyoid
Innervation:
stylohyoid branch of facial nerve (CN VII)
Action:
Elevates and retracrs hyoid, thus elongating floor of mouth.
Geniohyoid
Suprahyoid muscle
Origin:
Inferior mental spine of mandible
Insertion:
Body of hyoid
Innervation:
C1 via hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
Action:
Pulls hyoid anterosuperiorly; shortens floor of mouth, widens pharynx
Mylohyoid
Suprahyoid Muscle
Origin:
Mylohyoid line of mandible
Insertion:
Mylohyoid raphe and body of hyoid
Innervation:
Nerve to mylohyoid, a branch of inferior alveolar nerve (from mandibular nerve, CN V3)
Action:
Elevates hyoid, floor of mouth, and tongue during swallowing and speaking.
Ansa Cervicalis
Ventral Rami C1-C3 spinal nerves.
Superior root of Ansa Cervicalis branches off of Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) to supply the Infrahyoid muscles.
CN XII - Hypoglossal Nerve
A somatic motor nerve to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue.
CN X - Vagus Nerve
Supplies the palate, pharynx, laynx, heart, bronchi, lungs, esophagus, stomach, and intestinal tract, and as far as the left colic flexure.
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
Origin:
Vagus Nerve
Distribution:
Intrinsic muscles of larynx (except cricothyroid); sensory inferior to level of vocal folds
Phrenic Nerves
Origin:
Anterior Rami of C3-C5
Distribution:
Central portion of diaphragm
Inferior Cervical (Stellate) Sympathetic Ganglion
Star-Shaped ganglion lies anterior to the transverse process of the C7 vertebra, this is just superior to the neck of the 1st rib on each side and posterior to the origin of the vertebral artery.
Brachiocephalic Trunk
comes from Aortic Arch -
and supplies RIght Subclavian Artery and Right Common Carotid Artery.
Right Subclavian Artery
Comes off of Brachiocephalic trunk- supplies Right Upper Limb, Right internal thoracic artery, and Right Vertebral Artery, Right thyrocervical Trunk
Left Subclavian Artery
Comes off of Aortic Arch - supplies Left Upper Limb, Left Internal thoracic artery, and Left vertebral artery, Left Thyrocervical Trunk
Vertebral Artery
Comes off of Subclavian Artery (for left and right) and supplies the Basilar Artery, and Brain
Internal Thoracic Artery
Comes off the Subclavian Artery - Supplies the Anterior thoracic and abdominal walls.
Thyrocervical Trunk
Comes off the anterosuperal aspect of the Subclavian artery - branches into suprascapular artery and Transverse Cervical trunk (dorsal scapular)
Transverse Cervical (Dorsal Scapular) Trunk
Comes off the thyrocervical trunk- branches into superficial cervical and dorsal scapular arteries
Suprascapular Artery
Comes off the Thyrocervical Trunk - supply muscles on the posterior aspect of the scapula.
Dorsal Scapular Artery
Comes off of the Transverse Cervical or comes straight off the subclavian artery- supplies levator scapulae and rhomboid muscles
Internal Carotids
Comes off of Common Carotid Artery and enter cranium through the carotid canal and supply the Brain
Right Common Carotid Artery
Comes off of Brachiocephalic artery- branches into Right External Carotid artery and Right Internal Carotid artery
Left Common Carotid Artery
Comes off of Aortic Arch- branches into Left Internal Carotid artery and Left External Carotid artery
External Carotids
Comes off the Common Carotid arteries- supply most structures external to the cranium
Superior Thyroid Artery
Most inferior of the three anterior branches of the external carotid.
Supplies the thyroid gland, infrahoyid muscles, and SCM.
Lingual Artery
Origin:
Anterior aspect of the external carotid artery
Distribution:
Supply posterior tongue, and then Bifurcates into the deep lingual and sublingual arteries.
Facial Artery
Origin:
External Carotid Artery
Supplies:
Muscles of facial expression and face
Occipital Artery
Origin:
External Carotid Artery
Supplies:
scalp of back of head, as far as vertex.
Angular Artery
Origin:
Terminal branch of facial artery
Supplies:
Superior part of cheek and inferior eyelid.
Superficial Temporal Artery
Origin:
Smaller terminal branch of external carotid artery
Supplies:
Facial muscles and skin of frontal and temporal regions.
Internal Jugular Vein
From side of head, face and neck - drain into brachiocephalic vein
External Jugular Vein
From side of head, face and neck - drain into subclavian vein
Brachiocephalic vein
Receives blood from Internal jugular, internal thoracic vein, and subclavian vein - drains into Superior Vena Cava
