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Gross Anatomy Unit 2 > Abdominal Viscera and Peritoneum - Wed 6/14 > Flashcards

Abdominal Viscera and Peritoneum - Wed 6/14 Flashcards

1
Q

External Oblique

A

Origin:
External Surface of 5th-12th ribs

Insertion:
Linea Alba, Pubic Tubercle, and Anterior half of Iliac Crest

Innervation:
Thoraco-abdominal nerves (Anterior Rami T7-T11) and Subcostal nerves

Action:
Compress and support abdominal viscera; flex and rotate trunk contralaterally

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2
Q

Internal Oblique

A

Origin: Thoracolumbar fascia, anterior 2/3 of iliac crest, connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament

Insertion:
Inferior border of 10th - 12th ribs, linea alba, and pubis via conjoint tendon

Innervation:
Thoraco-abdominal nerves (Anterior Rami T7-T11) and subcostal nerves, and first lumbar nerve

Action:
Compress and support abdominal viscera, and flex and rotate trunk ipsilaterally

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3
Q

Transversus Abdominis

A

Origin:
Internal surface of 7th-12th costal cartilages, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament

Insertion:
Linea alba with aponeurosis of internal oblique, pubic crest, and pubis via conjoint tendon

Innervation:
Thoraco-abdominal nerves (Anterior rami of T7-T11) subcostal and first lumbar nerve

Action:
Compress and support abdominal viscera

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4
Q

Rectus Abdominis

A

Origin:
Pubic symphysis and pubic crest

Insertion:
Xiphoid process and 5th-7th costal cartilages

Innervation:
Thoraco-abdominal and subcostal nerves (anterior rami of T7-T12 spinal nerves)

Action: 
Flexes trunk (lumbar vertebrae) and compresses abdominal viscera, stabilizes and controls tilt of pelvis (antilordosis)
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5
Q

Linea Alba

A

Extends from Xiphoid process to pubic symphysis.

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6
Q

Rectus Sheath

A

Encloses the rectus abdominis. Runs from midclavicular

line to midline.

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7
Q

Transversalis fascia

A

The portion lining the deep surface of teh transversus abdominis muscle or aponeurosis.

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8
Q

Thoracolumbar Fascia

A

Deep fascia of the back.

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9
Q

Liver

A

Function: Metabolic activities, storage site for glycogen and secretes bile.

Location: Right upper quadrant

Blood Supply: Hepatic Artery Proper and drained by Hepatic Vein, Celiac trunk

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10
Q

Gallbladder

A

Bile is stored here. Also water and salts are absorbed here.
Sends concentrated bile to duodenum.

Location: Right Upper Quadrant

Blood Supply: Hepatic artery proper,

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11
Q

Esophagus

A

Muscular tube
Extends from Pharynx to Stomach.
Allows for passage of food and drink.

Location: LUQ

Blood Supply:
Celiac trunk, left gastric

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12
Q

Stomach

A

Made up of 4 parts: Cardia Fundus, Pyloric region, and greater and lesser curvatures.

Function: Acts as a food blender and reservoir, chief function is acidic and mechanical digestion.

Location: LUQ

Blood Supply:
Celiac trunk, left gastric, splenic, hepatic artery proper, right gastric, gastroduodenal.

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13
Q

Spleen

A

Function:
filters blood and immune response

location: LUQ

Blood Supply:
Splenic

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14
Q

Small intestine

A

Made up of: Duodenum, Jejunum, and Ileum.

Function: Movement of food.

Location: LUQ, RUQ, LLQ, RLQ

Blood Supply:
Intestinal branches of Superior Mesenteric

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15
Q

Large Intestine

A

Made up of: Appendix, cecum, colon (Ascending, Transverse, Descending, Sigmoid), rectum, and anal canal.

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16
Q

Cecum

A

The first part of the large intestine, continuous with the ascending colon.

Function: reservoir for chyme which it receives from Ileum

Location: RLQ

Blood supply:
Ileocolic

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17
Q

Appendix

A

A blind intestinal diverticulum.

Location: RLQ

Blood Supply:

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18
Q

Ascending Colon

A

Passes superiorly on the right side of the abdominal cavity from the cecum.

Most water reabsorption occurs here.

Location: RUQ, RLQ

Blood Supply:
Right Colic, Ileocolic

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19
Q

Right Colic Flexure (hepatic flexure)

A

Where the ascending colon turns left! (from anatomical position)

Location: RUQ

20
Q

Transverse Colon

A

The largest and most mobile of the large intestine.

Location: Right/Left hypochondriac, right lumbar, Epigastric and Umbilical.

Blood Supply:
Middle Colic

21
Q

Left Colic Flexure (splenic flexure)

A

where transverse colon bends inferiorly to become descending colon.

More superior and acute and less mobile.

Location: LUQ

22
Q

Descending colon

A

Passes retroperitoneally fromt he left colic flexure into the left iliac fossa where it continues as the Sigmoid colon.

Feces formed here

Location: LUQ, LLQ

Blood Supply:
Inferior Mesenteric, Left Colic, Sigmoid Artery,

23
Q

Sigmoid Colon

A

S-shaped, link the descending colon and rectum.

Feces formed here.

Location: LLQ

Blood Supply:
Sigmoid Artery

24
Q

Rectum

A

fixed terminal part of large intestine, continous with the sigmoid colon @ S3.

Location: LLQ/RLQ

Blood Supply:
Superior Rectal artery

25
Q

Pancreas

A

Elongated accessory digestive gland.

produces exocrine secretion which enters the duodenum and endocrine secretions which enter the blood.

Location: LUQ

Blood Supply:
Gastroduodenal, Hepatic artery proper, splenic, celiac trunk

26
Q

Kidneys

A

Remove excess water, salts, and wastes of protein metabolism from the blood while retuning nutrients and chemicals to the blood.

The kidneys send wastes from blood to urine.

Location: RUQ, LUQ

Blood Supply:
Renal Artery

27
Q

Ureters

A

Muscular ducts with narrow lumina that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

They run inferiorly from kidneys.

Location: Epigastric, Hypogastric, and Umbilical

28
Q

Suprarenal glands (adrenal)

A

2 parts:

Suprarenal cortex- secretes corticosteroids and androgens

Suprarenal medulla- secretes epinephrine (adrenalin) and norepinephrine (noradrenalin).

located between the superomedial aspects of the kidneys and diaphragmatic crura.

Location: Epigastric

29
Q

Inferior Epigastric Artey

A

Origin:
External Iliac Artery

Supplies:
Inferior Rectus Abdominis and medial part of anterolateral abdominal wall

30
Q

Abdominal Aorta

A

Origin:
Descending Aorta

Branches:
Celiac Trunk
Superior Mesentery Artery
Inferior Mesentery Artery
Renal Artery
Common iliac

Supplies:
GI tract, spleen, pancreas, gallbladder, and liver

31
Q

Celiac Trunk

A 
Origin:
Abdominal Aorta (T12) just distal to aortic hiatus of diaphragm

Branches:
Splenic, Left Gastric, and Common Hepatic

Supplies:
Esophagus, stomach, duodenum (proximal to bile duct), liver, and biliary apparatus and pancreas

32
Q

Left Gastric

A

Origin:
Celiac Trunk

Supplies:
Distal portion of Esophagus and left portion of lesser curvature of stomach.

33
Q

Splenic

A

Origin:
Celiac Trunk

Supplies:
Body of Pancreas, spleen, and greater curvature of stomach; posterior gastric branch supplies posterior wall of fundus of stomach

34
Q

Common Hepatic Artery (L1)

A

Origin:
Celiac Trunk

Branches:
Proper Hepatic
Gastrodudenal
Right Gastric

Supplies:
Liver, gallbladder, stomach, pancreas, duodenum, and respective lobes of liver

35
Q

Where does Proper Hepatic Artery come from and supply?

A

Origin:
Common Hepatic

Supply:
Liver?

36
Q

Right Gastric Artery

A

Origin:
Common Hepatic artery

Supplies:
Right portion of lesser curvature of stomach

37
Q

Gastrodudenal

A

Origin:
Common Hepatic artery

Supplies:
Stomach, pancreas, first part of duodenum, and distal part of bile duct

38
Q

Superior Mesenteric (L1)

A 
Origin:
Abdominal Aorta (L1)

Branches:
Middle Colic
Right Colic
Ileocolic

Supplies:
Part of gastrointestinal tract derived from Midgut.

39
Q

Middle Colic

A

Origin:
Superior Mesenteric

Supply:
Transverse Colon

40
Q

Right Colic

A

Origin:
Superior Mesenteric

Supply:
Ascending Colon

41
Q

Ileocolic

A

Origin:
Terminal branch of Superior Mesenteric Artery

Supply:
Ileum, cecum, and ascending colon

42
Q

Inferior Mesenteric (L3)

A 
Origin:
Abdominal Aorta (L3)

Branches:
Left Colic
Sigmoid Artery
Superior Rectal

Supply:
Descending Colon

43
Q

Left Colic

A

Origin:
Inferior Mesenteric artery

Supply:
Descending colon

44
Q

Sigmoid Artery

A

Origin:
Inferior Mesenteric Artery

Supply:
Descending and Sigmoid Colon

45
Q

Superior Rectal

A

Origin:
Terminal branch of Inferior Mesenteric

Supply:
Proximal part of Rectal

46
Q

Renal (L2) Artery

A 
Origin:
Abdominal Aorta (L2)

Supply:
Kidneys

47
Q

Common Iliac Artery (L4)

A 
Origin:
Abdominal Aorta (L4)

Supply:
External iliac arteries

Gross Anatomy Unit 2 (10 decks)

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