Things to Know about Diabetes and Insulin Flashcards
1
Q
What is Diabetes Mellitus?
A
metabolic disorders characterized by increased levels of glucose in the blood from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both
2
Q
What is the role of Insulin?
A
- Move glucose into muscle, liver, and fat cells
- produced in beta cells in islets of Langerhans of the pancreas
3
Q
What is Type I diabetes
A
destruction of pancreatic beta cells, decreased insulin production, acute progression
4
Q
What is Type II diabetes
A
Insulin resistance, glucose not able to enter cells, impaired insulin secretion (pancreas can’t keep up with demand), slow progression
5
Q
What is the normal glucose level?
A
fasting blood glucose: below 100 is normal, between 100 and 125 is prediabetes, above 125 is diabetes
6
Q
How do oral hypoglycemic drugs work
A
- Decreasing absorption or production of glucose
- Increasing secretion of insulin
- Increasing effectiveness of available insulin
7
Q
When should oral insulin agents be stopped?
A
during illness, hospitalization and pregnancy
