Things Not Covered Flashcards
Describe the cross section of a leaf (6)
Upper epidermis
Waxy cuticle - prevents water loss
Palisade layer
Palisade cells tight let packed, full of chloroplasts to get light for photosynthesis
Close to the top a leaf to get more light for photosynthesis
Spongy layer
Large surface area and cells not tightly packed for gas exchange
Lower epidermis
Guard cells to open and close the stomata to control water loss
Stomata - gas exchange -c02 in and oxygen out
Animal example of diffusion
The blood particles diffuse in water
Sharks can smell them
What is partially permeable?
Allows small particles through e.g. Agar
In diffusion
What does mesophyll tissue do?
Carries out photosynthesis
What does epidermal tissue do?
Covers the plant
What does phloem tissue do?
It’s a vessel that carries sugars
What does xylem tissue do?
It’s a vessel that carries water
Advantages of hydroponic systems?
Control nutrients and gases more easily
Grow plants more quickly
Advantages of using enzymes?
They catalyse at low temperatures and normal pressures
Saves money as in industry, many chemical reactions require high temperatures and pressures
Disadvantages of using enzymes
Pure enzymes are expensive to produce
If the temperature is too high, enzymes will denature
Where are amylase, lipase and protease all made and work in?
Small intestine
What does amylase do?
Breaks carbohydrates into glucose
What does lipase do?
Breaks lipids into fatty acids and glycerol
What does protease do?
Breaks down proteins into amino acids
Aerobic respiration?
Glucose + oxygen > carbon dioxide and water
