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AQA Additional Biology > Cell division and Inheritance > Flashcards

Cell division and Inheritance Flashcards

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0
Q

What does a gene contain?

A

The instructions needed to make a specific protein

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1
Q

What is gene?

A

A section of DNA

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2
Q

Put the following in size order, smallest first… Gene, chromosome, DNA, nucleus

A

DNA, gene, chromosome, nucleus

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3
Q

Do any people have identical DNA?

A

Yes, but only identical twins

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4
Q

What can we use a DNA fingerprint for?

A

Paternity testing or forensic science

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5
Q

What is mitosis?

A

When a cell reproduces by dividing to form two genetically identical copies of itself

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6
Q

What is mitosis used for?

A

Growth and repair

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7
Q

What is an allele?

A

A form of a gene.

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8
Q

What is a gamete?

A

A sex cell. Eggs, sperm and pollen

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9
Q

What happens to the chromosome number in meoisis?

A

It halves

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10
Q

How many cells are made after meiosis and what is special about them?

A

4 daughter cells all genetically unique

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11
Q

How many divisions takes place in mitosis?

A

One

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12
Q

How many divisions take place in meiosis?

A

Two

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13
Q

What are stem cells?

A

Undifferentiated cells

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14
Q

Where do you find stem cells?

A

Early embryos or in bone marrow

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15
Q

Why do some people think stem cells shouldn’t be used?

A

They feel human embryos are potential lives and therefore should not be used.

16
Q

Which sex chromosomes do men have?

A

XY

17
Q

Which sex chromosomes do women have?

A

XX

18
Q

Who was Gregor Mendel?

A

An Austrian monk and the father of modern genetics

19
Q

What is phenotype?

A

The genes which are expressed and the effect of the environment

20
Q

What does homozygous mean?

A

Alleles are the same ie tt or TT

21
Q

What does heterozygous mean?

A

Alleles are different ie Tt

22
Q

What is genotype?

A

Which alleles you have

23
Q

What is this?

A

Mitosis

24
Q

What does this genetic fingerprint show?

A

That B and C are real twins

AQA Additional Biology (11 decks)

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