Things Flashcards
2 Binocular cues for depth perception
retinal disparity: l and r eyes view different images
convergence: eyes turn inward to look at an object close up
A script
sequence of expected behaviors in a given situation
deduction
reasoning from the general to the specific
prototype
the “best” average cognitive representation of something
Ex. the prototypical bird is some kind of mental average of all the different kinds of birds of which a person has knowledge or with which a person has had experience
heuristic
a “rule of thumb”
fluent aphasia
also known as wernike’s aphasia, trouble forming logical sentences (nonsense speech)
Retroactive amnesia vs. proactive amnesia
Retroactive: not remembering the events leading up to the accident
Proactive: not remembering the events that occur after the accident
retroactive and proactive interference
retroactive: when new information after event hinders/interferes with the remembering of event
proactive: when old information before event hinders/interferes with the remembering of the event
problem space vs. mental set
problem space: all the possible solutions/outcomes (all possible moves on the chess board)
mental set: a programed set of behaviors/thoughts in a given situation (one set of moves on the chessboard)
supernormal sign stimulus
artificial releasing stimulus whose effect is greater than the naturally occurring releasing stimulus.
latent learning
learning by observation: like watching someone drive and suddenly you know how
Babinski reflex
toe fanning when you stroke a babies feet
Rooting reflex
the sucking reflex in babies
Moro reflex
Startle reflex when babies reach their arms/legs out
palmer’s reflex
babies wanting to grip things
Semantic learning
making a connection with something you already understand: ie connecting chemistry to baking
holographic vs. telegraphic speech
holographic: using clear 1 word statements to describe something
telegraphic: two word stage, words missing but intent is clear
SSRIs vs. SNRIs
SSRIs: selective only for serotonin receptors
SNRIs: selective for serotonin and norepinephine receptors
SNRIs have more side effects
monocular cues for depth perception
interposition (overlap of objects)
apparent size
linear perspective: features we are familiar with
texture gradient
motion parallax: motion seems slower farther away (ships in the distance)
Excitatory neurotransmitters:
glutamate, dopamine, acetylcholine, histamine
Inhibitory neurotransmitters:
Serotonin, GABA
lowball technique
giving someone a deal that they agree to, and then convincing them that there was an additional cost (like pedals for a bike) that they also need to agree to
echoic memory lasts:
2-4 seconds (auditory memory)
Rorschach test
analyze people’s perceptions of inkblots
phonemes:
smallest unit of sound in language
ex. boot has 3 phonemes:
b oo t
overregularization in speech :
I runned here!
visual pathway that tells us what we are looking at:
ventral stream
“vision for perception”
visual pathway that tells us about spatial awareness and guidance of action:
dorsal stream
“vision for action”
solitary tract
Nucleus of the solitary tract has been described by many as the primary visceral sensory relay station within the brain. It receives and responds to stimuli from the respiratory, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal systems
spinothalamic tract vs. corticospinal tract
spine –> thalamus
thalamus –> spine
role of the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus
circadian rhythms!
