Clinical

Question 1

DSM-5 Categories

Answer 1

1. Neurodevelopmental disorders
2. Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders
3. Bipolar and related disorders
4. Depressive disorders
5. Anxiety disorders
6. Obsessive Compulsive and Related disorders
7. Trauma and stressor-related disorders
8. Dissociative disorders
9. Somatic symptom and related disorders
10. Feeding and eating disorders
11. Elimination disorders
12. Sleep-wake disorders
13. sexual dysfunctions
14. Gender dysphoria
15. conduct disorders
16. substance-related and addictive disorders
17. Neurocognitive disorders
18. personality disorders
19. paraphiliac disorders

Question 2

Cluster A personality disorders:

Answer 2

Cluster A: odd or eccentric behavior

-paranoid personality disorder: distrust, suspicion

-Schizoid personality disorder: detachment, small range of emotion

-Schizotypal disorder: eccentricity, disordered reality

Question 3

Cluster B personality disorders:

Answer 3

Cluster B: dramatic or erratic behavior

-Antisocial personality disorder : disregard for the rights of others, absence of guilt

-Borderline personality disorder: Instability in relationships, emotions, impulsivity

-Histrionic: excess emotion and attention seeking

-Narcissistic: need for admiration, idea of superiority

Question 4

Cluster C personality disorder:

Answer 4

Cluster C: characterized by anxious or fearful behavior

-Avoidant personality disorder: social inhibitions, hypersensitivity, feeling of inadequacy

-Dependent personality disorder: need to be taken care of, clingy

-obsessive compulsive personality disorder: excessive orderliness, control, perfectionism

Question 5

Kinds of anxiety disorders:

Answer 5

-Panic disorders (can be accompanied by a mitral valve problem)
-Agoraphobia: fear of situation where panic may arise (crowds or leaving home)
-Phobia: intense anxiety anchored to a stimulus
-social anxiety disorder: fear of social situations, usually resulting in avoidance behavior
-Generalized anxiety disorder: excessive anxiety without a specific cause that occurs on more days than not

Question 6

Panic disorder:

Answer 6

(can be accompanied by a mitral valve problem) recurrent panic attacks and persistent worry about the next attack

Question 7

Agoraphobia

Answer 7

fear of situation where panic may arise (crowds or leaving home)

Question 8

Phobia

Answer 8

intense anxiety anchored to a stimulus

Question 9

social anxiety disorder:

Answer 9

fear of social situations, usually resulting in avoidance behavior

Question 10

GAD

Answer 10

Generalized anxiety disorder: excessive anxiety without a specific cause that occurs on more days than not

Question 11

pica

Answer 11

feeding disorder that results in eating non-nutritive materials (like glue or poop)

Question 12

difference between external locus of control and learned helplessness

Answer 12

learned helplessness is a lack of TRYING because of strong external locus of control

Question 13

degeneration of the basal ganglia associated with:

Answer 13

Huntington’s disease, parkinson’s, and tourettes
(movement disorders, dopamine)

Question 14

bipolar 1 vs. bipolar 2

Answer 14

Bipolar 1: have at least 1 episode of mania

Bipolar 2: milder, hypomania and depression dominated

Question 15

Klinefelter’s syndrome:

Answer 15

When a boy is born with an extra X chromosome, resulting in lower testosterone production and problems with producing sperm

Question 16

sex-hormone related changes in middle age:

Answer 16

Women:
-perimenopause

Men:
-difficulty achieving erections
-declines in productions of androgens

Loss of bone mass

Question 17

schizoaffective

Answer 17

like schizophrenia, but with a strong element of mood dysfunction (ie a lot of suicidal ideation because you believe you are a demon etc. )

Question 18

schizotypal

Answer 18

personality patterns characterized by perculiarities and eccentricities in thinking, speech and behavior

Question 19

schizoid

Answer 19

many neg aspects of schizophrenia, lack of emotional/social attachments

Question 20

kinesthetic reception

Answer 20

“muscle memory” awareness of one’s body movement (good for complex dance routines)

Question 21

conversion disorder

Answer 21

stress turned somatic

Question 22

lengths of embryonic development:
germinal, embryonic, fetal

Answer 22

germinal: 1st 2 weeks of pregnancy
embryonic: week 2- 2nd month (8 weeks)
fetal: 2 months on.

Question 23

risk factors for an SMI (severe mental illness)

Answer 23

youn adult age, female, biracial

Question 24

REBT therapy is designed to:

Answer 24

help clients identify and eradicate irrational beliefs

Question 25

prosopagnosia

Answer 25

loss of ability to recognize faces

Question 26

malingering

Answer 26

faking illness to get some benefit or advantage

Question 27

Korsakoff Syndrome

Answer 27

memory disorder that results from vitamin B1 deficiency and is associated with alcoholism

Question 28

Autism spectrum disorder

Answer 28

can have stereotyped motor responses
poor communication skills

Question 29

tardive dyskinesia

Answer 29

A condition affecting the nervous system, often caused by long-term use of some psychiatric drugs

causes a range of repetitive muscle movements in the face, neck, arms and legs

Question 30

Williams Syndrome

Answer 30

a rare genetic disorder characterized by mild to moderate delays in cognitive development or learning difficulties,

a distinctive facial appearance, and a unique personality that combines over-friendliness and high levels of empathy with anxiety

Question 31

color vision is a ____trait and sex-linked

Answer 31

recessive
effects males more

Question 32

Damage to hair cells can result in:

Answer 32

difficulty hearing

Question 33

Brain of schizophrenic:

Answer 33

enlarged ventricles and a reduction of the prefrontal cortex