Clinical Flashcards
DSM-5 Categories
- Neurodevelopmental disorders
- Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders
- Bipolar and related disorders
- Depressive disorders
- Anxiety disorders
- Obsessive Compulsive and Related disorders
- Trauma and stressor-related disorders
- Dissociative disorders
- Somatic symptom and related disorders
- Feeding and eating disorders
- Elimination disorders
- Sleep-wake disorders
- sexual dysfunctions
- Gender dysphoria
- conduct disorders
- substance-related and addictive disorders
- Neurocognitive disorders
- personality disorders
- paraphiliac disorders
Cluster A personality disorders:
Cluster A: odd or eccentric behavior
-paranoid personality disorder: distrust, suspicion
-Schizoid personality disorder: detachment, small range of emotion
-Schizotypal disorder: eccentricity, disordered reality
Cluster B personality disorders:
Cluster B: dramatic or erratic behavior
-Antisocial personality disorder : disregard for the rights of others, absence of guilt
-Borderline personality disorder: Instability in relationships, emotions, impulsivity
-Histrionic: excess emotion and attention seeking
-Narcissistic: need for admiration, idea of superiority
Cluster C personality disorder:
Cluster C: characterized by anxious or fearful behavior
-Avoidant personality disorder: social inhibitions, hypersensitivity, feeling of inadequacy
-Dependent personality disorder: need to be taken care of, clingy
-obsessive compulsive personality disorder: excessive orderliness, control, perfectionism
Kinds of anxiety disorders:
-Panic disorders (can be accompanied by a mitral valve problem)
-Agoraphobia: fear of situation where panic may arise (crowds or leaving home)
-Phobia: intense anxiety anchored to a stimulus
-social anxiety disorder: fear of social situations, usually resulting in avoidance behavior
-Generalized anxiety disorder: excessive anxiety without a specific cause that occurs on more days than not
Panic disorder:
(can be accompanied by a mitral valve problem) recurrent panic attacks and persistent worry about the next attack
Agoraphobia
fear of situation where panic may arise (crowds or leaving home)
Phobia
intense anxiety anchored to a stimulus
social anxiety disorder:
fear of social situations, usually resulting in avoidance behavior
GAD
Generalized anxiety disorder: excessive anxiety without a specific cause that occurs on more days than not
pica
feeding disorder that results in eating non-nutritive materials (like glue or poop)
difference between external locus of control and learned helplessness
learned helplessness is a lack of TRYING because of strong external locus of control
degeneration of the basal ganglia associated with:
Huntington’s disease, parkinson’s, and tourettes
(movement disorders, dopamine)
bipolar 1 vs. bipolar 2
Bipolar 1: have at least 1 episode of mania
Bipolar 2: milder, hypomania and depression dominated
Klinefelter’s syndrome:
When a boy is born with an extra X chromosome, resulting in lower testosterone production and problems with producing sperm
sex-hormone related changes in middle age:
Women:
-perimenopause
Men:
-difficulty achieving erections
-declines in productions of androgens
Loss of bone mass
schizoaffective
like schizophrenia, but with a strong element of mood dysfunction (ie a lot of suicidal ideation because you believe you are a demon etc. )
schizotypal
personality patterns characterized by perculiarities and eccentricities in thinking, speech and behavior
schizoid
many neg aspects of schizophrenia, lack of emotional/social attachments
kinesthetic reception
“muscle memory” awareness of one’s body movement (good for complex dance routines)
conversion disorder
stress turned somatic
lengths of embryonic development:
germinal, embryonic, fetal
germinal: 1st 2 weeks of pregnancy
embryonic: week 2- 2nd month (8 weeks)
fetal: 2 months on.
risk factors for an SMI (severe mental illness)
youn adult age, female, biracial
REBT therapy is designed to:
help clients identify and eradicate irrational beliefs
prosopagnosia
loss of ability to recognize faces
malingering
faking illness to get some benefit or advantage
Korsakoff Syndrome
memory disorder that results from vitamin B1 deficiency and is associated with alcoholism
Autism spectrum disorder
can have stereotyped motor responses
poor communication skills
tardive dyskinesia
A condition affecting the nervous system, often caused by long-term use of some psychiatric drugs
causes a range of repetitive muscle movements in the face, neck, arms and legs
Williams Syndrome
a rare genetic disorder characterized by mild to moderate delays in cognitive development or learning difficulties,
a distinctive facial appearance, and a unique personality that combines over-friendliness and high levels of empathy with anxiety
color vision is a ____trait and sex-linked
recessive
effects males more
Damage to hair cells can result in:
difficulty hearing
Brain of schizophrenic:
enlarged ventricles and a reduction of the prefrontal cortex
