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applied physiology > thermoregulation - week 8 > Flashcards

thermoregulation - week 8 Flashcards

1
Q

what is resting core temp ?

A

36.5 - 37.5 degrees

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2
Q

what temp can body safely increase up to ?

A

40 degrees

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3
Q

what temp can the body safely drop down to ?

A

35 degrees

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4
Q

what can the body’s core temp be defined as ?

A

temp of the. hypothalamus - thermoregulatory centre of the body

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5
Q

name as many ways to measure body core temp (5)

A

oesophageal temp (up nose)

rectal temp

stomach (swallowed telemetry pill)

oral temp

tympanic temp (ear)

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6
Q

what is the average skin (shell) temp ?

A

32-35 degrees

cool is < 30

hot is ≥ 30

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7
Q

what is the thermal gradient ?

A

heat transfer from core to skin

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8
Q

what is role of central thermoreceptors?

A

in blood and detect temp changes sending signals to hypothalamus

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9
Q

what are peripheral thermoreceptors ?

A

sensors in the skin detecting skin temp

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10
Q

describe what happens when core temp becomes too low

A

blood vessels constrict

sweat glands don’t secrete fluid to conserve heat

shivering to generate heat

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11
Q

what happens when core temp is too warm ?

A

blood vessels dilate

sweat glands secrete fluid to lose heat

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12
Q

how is heat generated usually in the body ?

A

metabolism

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13
Q

what external factors can affect our temperature ? (5)

A

temperature

humidity

air motion

sky and ground radiation

clothing

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14
Q

what is the most challenging environment for exercise ?

A

hot and humid

hot - reduced ability to cool
- increased gradient

humid reduces evaporation of sweat

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15
Q

what happens during aerobic exercise in heat ? (3)

A

increased demand heat loss mechanisms

reduced gradient core and skin

core temp increases

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16
Q

how does dehydration effect the body ? (3)

A

= loss of fluid from the body

reduced sweating and plasma volume

reduced cardiac output, muscle strength, work capacity , O2 uptake

17
Q

why is high intensity exercise impaired in hot temps ? (3)

A

thermoregulation to cool down body

increased CO and SV to compensate fro reduced temp gradient to cool down body

leads to decreased power output

18
Q

what is the effect of this heat acclimatisation response ?

improved cutaneous blood flow

A

blood redistribution improvement/ more efficient

transports metabolic heat from deep tissues to shell to cool

19
Q

what is the effect of this heat acclimatisation response ?

effective distribution of CO

A

appropriate circulation to skin and muscles for demands of metabolism and thermoregulation

20
Q

what is the effect of this heat acclimatisation response ?

lowered threshold for start of sweating

A

cooling begins earlier in exercise

21
Q

what is the effect of this heat acclimatisation response ?

effective distribution of sweat over skin surface

A

optimum use of body surface for evaporative cooling

22
Q

what is the effect of this heat acclimatisation response ?

increased sweat output

A

maximised evaporative cooling

23
Q

what is the effect of this heat acclimatisation response ?

lowered salt concentration of sweat

A

diluted sweat preserves electrolytes in extracellular fluid

24
Q

what is the effect of this heat acclimatisation response ?

lowered skin and core temps and HR for standard exercise

A

greater proportion of cardiac output to the active muscles

25
Q

what is the effect of this heat acclimatisation response ?

less reliance of carbs catabolism during exercise

A

carb sparing

26
Q

what is hypothermia ?

A

core temp drops below 35 degrees

27
Q

what happens when we exercise in the cold ?

A

more oxygen is used to shiver which an impair performance and decrease abilities

28
Q

what is the effect of this physiological response in the cold ?

increased submit VO2

decreased exercise capacity in water

A

greater heat loss

29
Q

what is the effect of this physiological response in the cold ?

increased ventilation during submax exercise

A

increased sympathetic stimulation

30
Q

what is the effect of this physiological response in the cold ?

reduced skin blood flow

A

peripheral vasoconstriction

31
Q

what is the effect of this physiological response in the cold ?

lower lipid mobilisation

A

reduced blood flow to adipocytes

32
Q

what is the effect of this physiological response in the cold ?

increased lactate concentration

A

increased carb metabolism

33
Q

what is the effect of this physiological response in the cold ?

increased central blood volume

A

peripheral vasoconstriction

34
Q

what is the effect of this physiological response in the cold ?

decreased HR during submax exercise

A

increased central blood volume

35
Q

what is the effect of this physiological response in the cold ?

release of leptin from adipose tissue

A

increased sympathetic stimulation

36
Q

what does acclimation to the cold result in ?

A

higher hand and foot temp- improved peripheral blood flow

lower skin temp where shivering starts

improved ability to sleep in the cold - due reduced shivering

applied physiology (22 decks)

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