Thermochemistry Quiz 1

Question 1

which has more potential energy: a rock on top of a cliff or a rock at the bottom of the cliff

Answer 1

the rock on top

Question 2

what is the second law of thermodynamics

Answer 2

energy flows from a higher define temperature to a lower temperature until an intermediate, equilibrium temperature is reached

Question 3

state change term for solid to gas

Answer 3

sublimation

Question 4

is energy absorbed or released when changing from a gas to a solid

Answer 4

released

Question 5

define chemical change

Answer 5

a change resulting in new chemical arrangement of atoms to form different chemical substances

Question 6

define nuclear change

Answer 6

a change which causes a change to the composition of an atom’s nucleus

Question 7

what state is vibrational motion mostly present in

Answer 7

solid

Question 8

state change term for gas to liqud

Answer 8

condensation

Question 9

define heat/thermal energy

Answer 9

the total of the kinetic energy of all the particles in a sample of matter

Question 10

define rotational motion

Answer 10

a slipping and sliding or spinning motion where the molecule can rotate in and around the axis

Question 11

state change term for liquid to gas

Answer 11

evaporation or vaporization

Question 12

what does c stand for and what are its units

Answer 12

specific heat capacity in J/g(degree)C or kJ/kg(degree)C

Question 13

is energy absorbed or released when changing from a liquid to gas

Answer 13

absorbed

Question 14

is energy absorbed or released when changing from a gas to a liquid

Answer 14

released

Question 15

what type of energy vibrational motion, rotational motion and translational motion

Answer 15

kinetic

Question 16

define intramolecular force

Answer 16

the relatively strong bonds and forces of attractive or repulsion within or inside a particle

Question 17

what does m stand for and what are its units

Answer 17

mass in g or kg

Question 18

define translational motion

Answer 18

a type of straight line motion where all points of a body move uniformly in a singe direction and only change direction when collisions occur

Question 19

define exothermic change

Answer 19

a change that releases energy and causes warming up of the surroundings

Question 20

potential energy calculation

Answer 20

(delta)H = nH

Question 21

what do r subscripts represnt

Answer 21

refers to any type of reaction

Question 22

define endothermic change

Answer 22

a change that absorbs energy, causing cooling of the surroundings

Question 23

what state is translational motion mostly present in

Answer 23

gaseous

Question 24

define matter

Answer 24

anything that has mass and occupies space

Question 25

what does H stand for and what are its units

Answer 25

molar enthalpy change in J/mol or kJ/mol

Question 26

what does (delta)T stand for and what are its units

Answer 26

change in temperate, degrees Celsius

Question 27

what does (delta)H stand for and what are its units

Answer 27

change in enthalpy measured in J or kJ

Question 28

define physical change

Answer 28

a change to the physical properties of a substance but the chemical composition is unchanged

Question 29

define potential energy

Answer 29

a stored form of energy dependent on the relative positions of particles in a system

Question 30

whats the first law of thermodynamics also known as

Answer 30

the law of conservation of energy

Question 31

what state is rotational motion mostly present in

Answer 31

liquid

Question 32

kinetic energy calculation

Answer 32

Q = mc(delta)T

Question 33

what type of energy is intramolecular force and intermolecular force

Answer 33

potential

Question 34

define temperature

Answer 34

the average of the kinetic energy of particles in a sample of matter

Question 35

state change term for liquid to solid

Answer 35

freezing or solidification

Question 36

what does n stand for and what are its units

Answer 36

quantity of substance in chemical amount, measured in moles

Question 37

state change term for solid to liquid

Answer 37

melting or fusion

Question 38

define calorimeter

Answer 38

the tool or equipment used to measure energy changes

Question 39

what is the first law of thrermodynamics

Answer 39

energy can never be created or destroyed, only transferred form one place to another or changed from one type to another

Question 40

what does Q stand for and what are its units

Answer 40

thermal or heart, measured in J or kJ

Question 41

define intermolecular force

Answer 41

the relatively weak forces of attraction and repulsion between, outside and surrounding particles of a type of matter, AKA the energy that attracts one particle to the surrounding ones

Question 42

state change term for gas to solid

Answer 42

deposition

Question 43

define energy

Answer 43

the system's ability to do work or to change

Question 44

is energy absorbed or released when changing from a liquid to a solid

Answer 44

released

Question 45

define kinetic energy

Answer 45

a form of energy related to motion or change and that can be seen

Question 46

is energy absorbed or released when changing from a solid to a gas`

Answer 46

absorbed

Question 47

define calorimetry

Answer 47

the study and process of measuring the quantities of energy involved in changes within an isolated system

Question 48

is energy absorbed or released when changing from a solid to a liquid

Answer 48

absorbed

Question 49

where are intramolecular forces most typically present

Answer 49

covalent bonds

Question 50

define enthalpy

Answer 50

the total potential energy within a system at constant pressure, specifically of chemical changes or reactions

Question 51

define vibrational motion

Answer 51

a type of movement where molecules/particles are fixed in one place while moving back and forth, jiggling or oscillating

Question 52

whats the formula calculate efficiency

Answer 52

% efficency = energy output/energy input x 100%