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Chemistry 30 - CLS > Thermochemistry Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Thermochemistry Quiz 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

what state is vibrational motion mostly present in

A

solid

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2
Q

define translational motion

A

a type of straight line motion where all points of a body move uniformly in a singe direction and only change direction when collisions occur

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3
Q

whats the first law of thermodynamics also known as

A

the law of conservation of energy

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4
Q

state change term for solid to liquid

A

melting or fusion

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5
Q

state change term for gas to solid

A

deposition

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6
Q

define exothermic change

A

a change that releases energy and causes warming up of the surroundings

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7
Q

what type of energy is intramolecular force and intermolecular force

A

potential

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8
Q

define enthalpy

A

the total potential energy within a system at constant pressure, specifically of chemical changes or reactions

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9
Q

define matter

A

anything that has mass and occupies space

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10
Q

is energy absorbed or released when changing from a liquid to a solid

A

released

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11
Q

what type of energy vibrational motion, rotational motion and translational motion

A

kinetic

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12
Q

is energy absorbed or released when changing from a liquid to gas

A

absorbed

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13
Q

what is the first law of thrermodynamics

A

energy can never be created or destroyed, only transferred form one place to another or changed from one type to another

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14
Q

define calorimetry

A

the study and process of measuring the quantities of energy involved in changes within an isolated system

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15
Q

what does (delta)H stand for and what are its units

A

change in enthalpy measured in J or kJ

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16
Q

state change term for solid to gas

A

sublimation

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17
Q

what does Q stand for and what are its units

A

thermal or heart, measured in J or kJ

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18
Q

define heat/thermal energy

A

the total of the kinetic energy of all the particles in a sample of matter

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19
Q

is energy absorbed or released when changing from a gas to a liquid

A

released

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20
Q

define temperature

A

the average of the kinetic energy of particles in a sample of matter

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21
Q

define physical change

A

a change to the physical properties of a substance but the chemical composition is unchanged

22
Q

is energy absorbed or released when changing from a solid to a gas`

A

absorbed

23
Q

define calorimeter

A

the tool or equipment used to measure energy changes

24
Q

is energy absorbed or released when changing from a solid to a liquid

A

absorbed

25
Q

what does n stand for and what are its units

A

quantity of substance in chemical amount, measured in moles

26
Q

what does (delta)T stand for and what are its units

A

change in temperate, degrees Celsius

27
Q

define chemical change

A

a change resulting in new chemical arrangement of atoms to form different chemical substances

28
Q

what does c stand for and what are its units

A

specific heat capacity in J/g(degree)C or kJ/kg(degree)C

29
Q

kinetic energy calculation

A

Q = mc(delta)T

30
Q

what does H stand for and what are its units

A

molar enthalpy change in J/mol or kJ/mol

31
Q

what is the second law of thermodynamics

A

energy flows from a higher define temperature to a lower temperature until an intermediate, equilibrium temperature is reached

32
Q

potential energy calculation

A

(delta)H = nH

33
Q

define endothermic change

A

a change that absorbs energy, causing cooling of the surroundings

34
Q

define potential energy

A

a stored form of energy dependent on the relative positions of particles in a system

35
Q

define nuclear change

A

a change which causes a change to the composition of an atom’s nucleus

36
Q

what state is rotational motion mostly present in

A

liquid

37
Q

define energy

A

the property of a substance or system that relates to its ability to do work or to change

38
Q

state change term for liquid to solid

A

freezing or solidification

39
Q

what state is translational motion mostly present in

A

gaseous

40
Q

define intramolecular force

A

the relatively strong bonds and forces of attractive or repulsion within or inside a particle

41
Q

what does m stand for and what are its units

A

mass in g or kg

42
Q

state change term for liquid to gas

A

evaporation or vaporization

43
Q

state change term for gas to liqud

A

condensation

44
Q

define rotational motion

A

a slipping and sliding or spinning motion where the molecule can rotate in and around the axis

45
Q

define intermolecular force

A

the relatively weak forces of attraction and repulsion between, outside and surrounding particles of a type of matter, AKA the energy that attracts one particle to the surrounding ones

46
Q

define vibrational motion

A

a type of movement where molecules/particles are fixed in one place while moving back and forth, jiggling or oscillating

47
Q

define kinetic energy

A

a form of energy related to motion or change and that can be seen

48
Q

what do r subscripts represnt

A

refers to any type of reaction

49
Q

is energy absorbed or released when changing from a gas to a solid

A

released

50
Q

which has more potential energy: a rock on top of a cliff or a rock at the bottom of the cliff

A

the rock on top

51
Q

where are intramolecular forces most typically present

A

covalent bonds

Chemistry 30 - CLS (10 decks)

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