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Chemistry 30 - CLS > Acid and Base - Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Acid and Base - Quiz 1 Flashcards

Chem 20 Theory, Conversions and Bronsted Lowry Definitions

1
Q

whats H3O+

A

hydronium ion

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2
Q

whats a strong acids attraction for protons

A

weak

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3
Q

BL definition for a base

A

proton acceptor/species that accepts a proton in a chemical reaction

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4
Q

whats a strong bases attraction for protons

A

very strong

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5
Q

how to convert between [H3O+] and [OH-]

A

Kw = [H3O+][OH-]

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6
Q

does an acid donate or accept protons in a specific reaction

A

proton donor

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7
Q

how to convert from pOH to pH

A

14 - pOH

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8
Q

does a base donate or accept protons in a specific reaciton

A

proton acceptor

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9
Q

how to convert from [OH-] to pOH

A

-log[OH-]

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10
Q

whats the main differences between arrhenius theory and modified arrhenius theory

A
  • in arrhenius water is not a reactant whereas in modified arrhenius water is a reactant and reacts with either the acid or base
  • in arrhenius the acid dissociates to form H+ and a base dissociates to form OH- ; in modiffied arrhenius, the acid or base reacts with water and either donates or accepts a proton to form H3O+ (acid) or OH- (base)
  • in arrhenius, acidic properties come from H+ ; in modified arrhenius, acidic properties come from H30+
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11
Q

whats an electrolyte

A

anything that produces (+) and (-) charges in water

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12
Q

arrhenious theory for water self ionization

A

H2O <–> H+ + OH-

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13
Q

how to convert from pH to pOH

A

14 - pH

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14
Q

is amphiprotic empirical or theoretical

A

theoretical

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15
Q

whats a conjugate acid

A

whats formed from the original base in an acid-base reaction

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16
Q

modified arrhenious theory for water self ionization

A

2H2O <–> OH- + H3O+

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17
Q

how do you know something is an acid

A

it has H at the beginning

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18
Q

dissociation

A

the process of a compound breaking apart into its individual ions when its dissolved in a solvent

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19
Q

whats an amphiprotic entity

A

an entity (ion or molecule) that has the ability to either accept or donate a proton

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20
Q

whats an acid base reaction

A

one in which a proton is transferred from an acid to a base forming a new acid and a new based; reaction is at equilibrium

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21
Q

whats BL neutralization

A

competition for protons that results in a proton transfer from the strongest acid present to the strongest base present

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22
Q

whats an acid

A

a chemical species t5hat loses a proton in a chemical reaction

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23
Q

how many bases are in an acid-base reaction (and what are they)

A

2; the original base on the left and the base on the right created by removing a proton

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24
Q

how to convert from pH to [H3O+]

A

antilog -pH

25
Q

BL definition of an acid

A

proton donor/species that loses a proton in a chemical reaction

26
Q

how to convert from pOH to [OH-]

A

antilog -pOH

27
Q

formula for Kw

A

Kw = [H3O+(aq)][OH-(aq)]

28
Q

what does Kw represent

A

ionization constant for water

29
Q

whats a base

A

a chemical species that accepts a proton in a chemical reaction

30
Q

how are weak acids and bases defined

A

as having less than 50% reaction, meaning it produces less than 50% of the initial concentration of acid molecules

31
Q

how does a strong acid hold its protons

A

very weakly

32
Q

whats a polyprotic substance

A

when it can donate multiple protons; when it has more then one acid or base component (OH or H)

33
Q

how do you write modified arrhenius theory for a base

A

base + H20 –> OH- + positive ion

34
Q

how to you write arrhenius theory for an acid

A

acid –> H+ + negative ion

35
Q

how do you write arrhenius theory for a base

A

base –> OH- + positive ion

36
Q

whats a molecular acid

A

any neutral acid that doesn’t carry a charge and can donate protons (H+)

37
Q

how do you write modified arrhenius theory for an acid

A

acid + H20 –> H30+ + negative ion

38
Q

whats an amphoteric substance

A

a chemical substance with the ability to react as either an acid or a base

39
Q

are acids electrolytes

A

yes

40
Q

is amphoteric empirical or theoretical

A

empirical

41
Q

how many acids are in an acid-base reaction (and what are they)

A

2; the original acid on the left and the acid on the right thats created by adding the proton

42
Q

ionization

A

gain or loss of protons in acids

43
Q

how much do weak acids or bases ionize

A

<50%

44
Q

whats a BL equation

A

equation written to show an acid-base reaction involving the transfer of a proton from one entity (an acid) to another (a base)

45
Q

how to convert from [H3O+] to pH

A

-log[H3O+]

46
Q

whats a conjugate base

A

whats formed from the original acid in an acid-base reaction

47
Q

whats a proton

A

H+

48
Q

what happens to the strength of a conjugate base if the acid is strong

A

the stronger an acid, the weaker its conjugate base

49
Q

whats an amphiprotic entity/amphoteric substance

A

something that acts as a BL acid in some reactions and as a BL base in other reactions

50
Q

whats OH-

A

hydroxide ion

51
Q

what does modified arrhenius theory state

A

an acid is a chemical that reacts with water to produce hydronium ions in the solution

52
Q

how are strong acids or bases defined

A

defined as having almost 100% reaction

53
Q

what are the 3 most common amphoteric substances

A

HSO3-
H2PO4-
HCO3-

54
Q

whats Arrhenius’ theory

A

an acid is a chemical that is able to ionize to form hydrogen ions or protons when mixed into water

55
Q

what does arrhenius theory for bases state

A

that a base is a chemical that dissociates to form a hydroxide ion when mixed with water

56
Q

whats a conjugate acid-base pair

A

a pair of substances with formulas that differ only by a proton

57
Q

what does brownsted lowry focus on

A

the role of the chemical species in a reaction rather than on the acidic or basic properties of the aqeuous solutions

58
Q

what happens to the strength of a conjugate acid if the base is strong

A

the stronger the base, the weaker its conjugate acid

Chemistry 30 - CLS (15 decks)

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