Equilibrium Systems - Basic Theory Flashcards
macroscopic properties
properties that we can observe, most often by measuring
chemical equilibrium
when reactions go forward and reverse ats the same rate
whats a solubility equilibrium`
when the dissolved solute is in balance with undissolved solute within a saturated solution
what has to be constant in order for equilibrium to continue
temperature and energy conditions
what does concentration tell you about equilibrium
when the concentration of the chemicals stops changing, it indicates that equilibrium has been reached
isolated system
neither matter nor energy an enter or leave
what does temperature tell you about equilibrium
when temperature is still changing, it indicates that equilibrium has not been reached; when temperature is constant it shows that equilibrium has been reached
whats a physical equilibrium
occurs in state changes where 2 processes occur in balance so that the quantity of gaseous substance and liquid substance is constant
define equilibrium
state where the forward and reverse reactions occur at equal rates, resulting in no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products
what is the most commonly used property to tell if equilibrium has been reached
concentration
characteristics of a completion/quantitative reaction
one or all reactants are used up, 100% of possible products are made, reactants are not present, the fo9ward reaction and the reverse reaction never appreciably happens
open system
matter and energy are able to enter and leave
does the amount of particles in a system once its reached equilibrium ever change
no
whats an important characteristic of a system to allow a reaction to reach equilibrium
chemicals need to be able to stay mixed thoroughly to be able to collide and establish a forward and reverse reaction that can come to a balance
what does pressure tell you about equilibrium
when the pressure stays constant it indicates that equilibrium has been reached
