Equilibrium Systems - Basic Theory

Question 1

what are the 3 types of equilibrium systems

Answer 1

open, close and isolated

Question 2

open system

Answer 2

matter and energy are able to enter and leave

Question 3

closed system

Answer 3

energy is able to enter or leave but matter cannot enter or leave

Question 4

isolated system

Answer 4

neither matter nor energy an enter or leave

Question 5

define equilibrium

Answer 5

state where the forward and reverse reactions occur at equal rates, resulting in no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products

Question 6

whats a solubility equilibrium`

Answer 6

when the dissolved solute is in balance with undissolved solute within a saturated solution

Question 7

whats a physical equilibrium

Answer 7

occurs in state changes where 2 processes occur in balance so that the quantity of gaseous substance and liquid substance is constant

Question 8

chemical equilibrium

Answer 8

when reactions go forward and reverse ats the same rate

Question 9

what type of system does equilibrium occur in

Answer 9

only closed systems

Question 10

whats an important characteristic of a system to allow a reaction to reach equilibrium

Answer 10

chemicals need to be able to stay mixed thoroughly to be able to collide and establish a forward and reverse reaction that can come to a balance

Question 11

what has to be constant in order for equilibrium to continue

Answer 11

temperature and energy conditions

Question 12

does the amount of particles in a system once its reached equilibrium ever change

Answer 12

no

Question 13

can all reactions reach equilibrium in a closed system

Answer 13

no

Question 14

characteristics of an equilibrium reaction

Answer 14

never uses up any reactants, 100% of products are never formed, some amount of reactants and products are always present, the forward and reverse reactions never stop

Question 15

characteristics of a completion/quantitative reaction

Answer 15

one or all reactants are used up, 100% of possible products are made, reactants are not present, the fo9ward reaction and the reverse reaction never appreciably happens

Question 16

macroscopic properties

Answer 16

properties that we can observe, most often by measuring

Question 17

what are 4 properties that can be used to recognize equilibrium conditions

Answer 17

temperature, pressure, color, concentrations

Question 18

what does temperature tell you about equilibrium

Answer 18

when temperature is still changing, it indicates that equilibrium has not been reached; when temperature is constant it shows that equilibrium has been reached

Question 19

what does pressure tell you about equilibrium

Answer 19

when the pressure stays constant it indicates that equilibrium has been reached

Question 20

what does colour tell you about equilibrium

Answer 20

when colour fades or darkens, it indicates that equilibrium conditions haves not occurred yet

Question 21

what does concentration tell you about equilibrium

Answer 21

when the concentration of the chemicals stops changing, it indicates that equilibrium has been reached

Question 22

what is the most commonly used property to tell if equilibrium has been reached

Answer 22

concentration